BASIC ANATOMICAL TERMS Flashcards
The Human Skeleton
What is the purpose of the human skeleton? (name 3)
1) Provide support for the weight of the body
2) Protects the soft tissue organs like brain and spinal column
3) Allows for movement as a part of the musculo-skeletal system
4) Stores minerals like calcium and phosphate
The Human Skeleton
The head and trunk of the body
Axial skeleton
The Human Skeleton
Axial Skeleton (Name 5)
Skull
Hyoid
Sternum
Ribs
Vertebrae
Coccyx
The Human Skeleton
Bones of the appendages (limbs)
Appendicular Skeleton
The Human Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton (Name 8)
Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Hip Bone
Carpal Bones
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
The Human Skeleton
6 Bone classifications
Flat
Short
Sesamoid
Sutural
Irregular
Long
The Human Skeleton
Longer than they are wide
Long Bones
The Human Skeleton
What Long Bones divided into?
Divided into epiphysis,
metaphysis, diaphysis
The Human Skeleton
The long midsection of long bone
Diaphysis
The Human Skeleton
Between the epiphysis and the diaphysis
Metaphysis
The Human Skeleton
The rounded end of a long bone
epiphysis
The Human Skeleton
Give 5 examples of Long Bones
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Phalanges
Metacarpals
Metatarsals
The Human Skeleton
Bones that are wider than they are long
Short bones
The Human Skeleton
Give 5 examples of short bones
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Tarsal (ankle) bones
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
The Human Skeleton
Bones that are made up of broad flat plates (for protection or muscles attachments)
Flat bones
The Human Skeleton
Give me 5 examples of flat bones
Occipital
Parietal
Frontal
Nasal
Lacrimal
Vomer
Scapula
Os coxæ (Hip bone)
Sternum
Rib
The Human Skeleton
Bones that are formed within the tendon or muscle
Sesamoid Bones
The Human Skeleton
Give 3 examples of sesamoid bones
patella
fabella
cyamella
os peroneum
hallux sesamoid
The Human Skeleton
Bones that don’t fit into other categories
Irregular Bones
The Human Skeleton
Give 5 examples of irregular bones
All the vertebrae (cervical, thoracic, lumbar)
Sacram
Coccyx
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Zygomatic
Maxilla
Mandible
Palatine
inferior nasal concha
Hyoid
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Anatomical position
When the body with it’s leg’s parallel to one another and the palms facing forward
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Medial
Toward the midline of the body
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Anterior
The front or in the front of
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Posterior
Opposite of anterior, means back of or behind/on the back
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Superior
Higher up than
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Inferior
Lower than
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Cranial view
Diaphragm is lower or less prominent (The diaphragm is usually visible above the cardiac silhouette in a cranial view)
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Caudal view
Diaphragm is higher or more prominent
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Proximal
Nearest point of attachment to limb or structure
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Distal
farthest away from attachment or orgin
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Ventral (Anterior)
front part of the body used to describe the position of organs in relation to one another
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Dorsal (Posterior)
Back part of the body
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Hands
Palmar (Palm)
Dorsal (Back of hand)
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Feet
Plantar (bottom of feet)
Dorsal (top of the foot)
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Sagittal Plane
cuts body into right and left sides
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Coronal Plane
cuts body into anterior and posterior halves
Anatomical & Directional Terminology
Transverse Plane
cuts body into superior and inferior
Bone Features
Holes
Foramen
Meatus
Bone Features
Articulations
Facet
Condyle
Capitulum
Bone Features
Bumps
Epicondyle
Tubercles
Tuberosity
Trochanter
Process
Styloid
Boss
Bone Features
Ridges
Crest
Spine
Bone Features
Depressions
Groove
Sulcus
Fossa
Cavity
Fovea
Bone Features
Foramen
A hole through bone
Bone Features
Meatus
an opening
Bone Features
Articulation
the joint between two bones
Bone Features
Facet
a small, smooth area on a bone
Bone Features
Condyle
a rounded projection on a bone
Bone Features
Capitulum
a small rounded articular end of a bone
Bone Features
Epicondyle
above or beside a condyle, also adjacent to an articulation
Bone Features
Tuberosity
a rounded eminence
Bone Features
Tubercle
a small tuberosity
Bone Features
Trochanter
a large prominence for the attachment of rotator muscles
Bone Features
Process
any kind of projection
Bone Features
Styloid
resembles a stylulus
Bone Features
Boss
a small rounded eminence
Bone Features
Crest
a sharp border or ridge
Bone Features
Spine
a sharp prominence
Bone Features
Sulcus
a groove
Bone Features
Fossa
a depression or divot
Bone Features
Cavity
a hollow space
Bone Features
Fovea
a pit or cuplike depression
