Basic Aerodynamics

Question 1

The four forces acting on an airplane in flight are

Answer 1

-Lift -Weight -Thrust -Drag

Question 2

(Refer to Figure 1.) The acute angle A is the angle of

Answer 2

Attack

Question 3

The angle of attack at which an airplane wing stalls will

Answer 3

Remain the same regardless of gross weight

Question 4

When are the four forces that act on an airplane in equilibrium?

Answer 4

During unaccelerated flight

Question 5

Wingtip vortices created by large aircraft tend to

Answer 5

Sink below the aircraft generating turbulence

Question 6

What is ground effect?

Answer 6

The result of the interference of the surface of the Earth with the airflow patterns about an airplane

Question 7

Which statement relates to Bernoulli`s principle?

Answer 7

Air traveling faster over the curved upper surface of an airfoil causes lower pressure on the top surface

Question 8

(Refer to figure 62.) In flying the rectangular course, when would the aircraft be turned less than 90°?

Answer 8

Corners 1 and 4

Question 9

(Refer to figure 66.) While practicing S-turns, a consistently smaller half-circle is made on one side of the road than on the other, and this turn is not completed before crossing the road or reference line. This would most likely occur in turn

Answer 9

4-5-6 because the bank is increased too rapidly during the early part of the turn

Question 10

When landing behind a large aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by staying

Answer 10

Above the large aircraft’s final approach path and landing BEYOND the large aircraft’s touchdown point

Question 11

What causes an airplane (except a T-tail) to pitch nosedown when power is reduced and controls are not adjusted?

Answer 11

The downwash of the elevators from the propeller slipstream is reduced and elevator effectiveness is reduced

Question 12

During an approach to a stall, an increased load factor will cause the airplane to

Answer 12

Stall at a higher airspeed

Question 13

An airplane said to be inherently stable will

Answer 13

Require less effort to control

Question 14

What is one purpose of wing flaps?

Answer 14

to enable the pilot to make steeper approaches to a landing without increasing the airspeed

Question 15

Ground effect is most likely to result in which problem?

Answer 15

Becoming airborne before reaching recommended takeoff speed

Question 16

When executing an emergency approach to land in a single-engine airplane, it is important to maintain a constant glide speed because variations in glide speed

Answer 16

nullify all attempts at accuracy in judgment of gliding distance and landing spot

Question 17

Changes in the center of pressure of a wing affect the aircraft`s

Answer 17

Aerodynamic balance and controllability

Question 18

(Refer to Figure 2.) If an airplane weighs 2,300 pounds, what approximate weight would the airplane structure be required to support during a 60° banked turn while maintaining altitude?

Answer 18

4,600 lbs

Question 19

In what flight condition must an aircraft be placed in order to spin?

Answer 19

Stalled

Question 20

What is the purpose of the rudder on an airplane?

Answer 20

To control Yaw

Question 21

How does the wake turbulence vortex circulate around each wingtip?

Answer 21

• Outward
• Upward
• Around each tip

Question 22

One of the main functions of flaps during approach and landing is to

Answer 22

Increase the angle of descent without increasing the airspeed

Question 23

An airplane has been loaded in such a manner that the CG is located aft of the aft CG limit. One undesirable flight characteristic a pilot might experience with this airplane would be

Answer 23

Difficulty in recovering from a stalled condition

Question 24

When landing behind a large aircraft, which procedure should be followed for vortex avoidance?

Answer 24

Stay above its final approach flightpath all the way to touchdown

Question 25

If an emergency situation requires a downwind landing, pilots should expect a faster

Answer 25

Groundspeed at touchdown, a longer ground roll, and the likelihood of overshooting the desired touchdown point

Question 26

What force makes an airplane turn?

Answer 26

The horizontal component of lift

Question 27

Loading an airplane to the most aft CG will cause the airplane to be

Answer 27

Less stable at all speeds

Question 28

Select the four flight fundamentals involved in maneuvering an aircraft.

Answer 28

• Straight-and-level flight
• Turns
• Takeoff
• Landing

Question 29

What determines the longitudinal stability of an airplane?

Answer 29

The location of the CG with respect to the center of lift

Question 30

What must a pilot be aware of as a result of ground effect?

Answer 30

Induced drag decreases; therefore, any excess speed at the point of flare may cause considerable floating

Question 31

When departing behind a heavy aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by maneuvering the aircraft

Answer 31

Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft

Question 32

What is the relationship of lift, drag, thrust, and weight when the airplane is in straight-and-level flight?

Answer 32

Lift equals weight and thrust equals drag

Question 33

The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the relative wind is known as the angle of

Answer 33

Attack

Question 34

During a spin to the left, which wing(s) is/are stalled?

Answer 34

Both wings are stalled

Question 35

The wind condition that requires maximum caution when avoiding wake turbulence on landing is a

Answer 35

Light, quartering tailwind

Question 36

As altitude increases, the indicated airspeed at which a given airplane stalls in a particular configuration will

Answer 36

Remain the same regardless of altitude

Question 37

When taking off or landing at an airport where heavy aircraft are operating, one should be particularly alert to the hazards of wingtip vortices because this turbulence tends to

Answer 37

Sink into the traffic pattern area surrounding the airport

Question 38

Which basic flight maneuver increases the load factor on an airplane as compared to straight-and-level flight?

Answer 38

Turns

Question 39

The amount of excess load that can be imposed on the wing of an airplane depends upon the

Answer 39

Speed of the airplane

Question 40

(Refer to Figure 2.) If an airplane weighs 3,300 pounds, what approximate weight would the airplane structure be required to support during a 30° banked turn while maintaining altitude?

Answer 40

3,960 lbs

Question 41

Wingtip vortices are created only when an aircraft is

Answer 41

Develping lift

Question 42

The term ‘angle of attack’ is defined as the angle

Answer 42

between the wing chord line and the relative wind

Question 43

Angle of attack is defined as the angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the

Answer 43

direction of the relative wind

Question 44

The greatest vortex strength occurs when the generating aircraft is

Answer 44

• Heavy
• Clean
• Slow

Question 45

(Refer to Figure 2.) If an airplane weighs 4,500 pounds, what approximate weight would the airplane structure be required to support during a 45° banked turn while maintaining altitude?

Answer 45

6,750 lbs

Question 46

Floating caused by the phenomenon of ground effect will be most realized during an approach to land when at

Answer 46

Less than the length of the wingspan above the surface