Basic Adult And Paediatric Skills

Question 1

First 2 actions and technical sequences of adult life support

Answer 1

1 ensure victim and you are safe

2 check for response - gently shake shoulders and ask loudly “are you alright ”.

Question 2

Action when victim responds

Answer 2

-leave if no further danger is evident.

/try to asses problem and reassure victim

Question 3

How to open Airway and what number step is this

Answer 3

-3rd step
/turn patient on back. Place hand on forehead and gently tilt back
-using fingertips on tip of chin lift chin up

Question 4

Describe breathing of 1st few mins of cardiac arrest

What it can be confused with

Answer 4

/victim may be barely breathing or taking slow abnormal noisy gasps

-normal breathing

Question 5

Next step after opening Airway

Answer 5

/look , listen and feel for normal breathing for 10 secs

/if In doing prepare to start CPR. ( 4th step )

Question 6

What to do if patient is unresponsive and not breathing normally

Answer 6

/call 911. Send for AED

Start to prepare for chest compressions and rescue breaths ( CPR )

Question 7

How to perform chest compressions

Answer 7

• kneel down next to victim
• place heel of one hand on lower sternum and 2nd hand onto of 1st and interlock fingers
• keep arms straight
• posting yourself vertically above victim and keep arms straight
• push down 5cm and release pressure allowing sternum to recoil but do not lose hand sternum contact

Question 8

Rate of doing chest compressions

What to avoid during chest compressions

Answer 8

/100-120 min-1

• do not place pressure over rib cage during hand interlock
• don’t apply pressure over upper abdomen or bottom end of bony sternum

Question 9

What can be combined with chest compressions

Answer 9

-rescue breaths

Question 10

How to perform rescue breaths

Answer 10

-open airway
/pinch soft part of nose with thumbs and index finger
-allow mouth to open whilst maintaining chin lift
-breath in normal and seal your lips with that of victim
-blow steadily for 1sec and watch chest rise
-Maintaining open airway remove lips and watch chest fall
-repeat 1 more time

Question 11

Time gap between chest and rescue breaths

What to do when AED arrives

Answer 11

-no more than 10 seconds

• switch on and attach electrode pads
• if more than one rescuer present. One should perform CPR as pads are being attached

Question 12

What’s done after pads attached

Answer 12

-ensure no contact with victim as AED searches for pulse

Question 13

What to do if shock either indicated or not

Answer 13

1 push shock button
/afterwards immediately restart 30:2 CPR

2 resume CPR ( cardiopulmonary resuscitation )

Question 14

Diff of chest compressions in adults , kids and little kids

Answer 14

• In kids maintain head tilt and compress with 1 and

- in little kids use thumps to compress on lower half of sternum and xiphoid process

Question 15

Pediatric basic life if
1 unresponsive
2 not breathing normal
3 no sign of life

Answer 15

1 call for help and send for AED
- open airway

2 5 rescue breaths

3 CPR in ratio 15:2

( call for help after 1st minute of CPR and continue )

Question 16

What to do during pediatric foreign object pathway block

Answer 16

-assess severity

-if ineffective cough
1 if unconscious - open airway , 5 breaths , start CPR

2 if conscious - 5 back blows , 5 thrusts ( chest for infants and alternative abdominal chests for neonates

-if effective cough
1 encourage to cough - check for deterioration to ineffective cough or until obstruction relieved