Basic Flashcards
What is the primary function of the immune system?
To protect the body against infections and diseases.
True or False: The immune system can distinguish between self and non-self cells.
True
What are the two main types of immunity?
Innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
Fill in the blank: The first line of defense in the immune system includes _______.
physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes.
Which cells are primarily responsible for the adaptive immune response?
Lymphocytes, specifically B cells and T cells.
What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?
To bind to antigens and neutralize or mark them for destruction.
True or False: Vaccines work by stimulating the adaptive immune response.
True
What type of cell is responsible for the immediate response to pathogens?
Phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of the immune system? A) T cells B) Red blood cells C) Antibodies D) Natural killer cells
B) Red blood cells
What is the function of memory cells in the immune system?
To provide long-term immunity by remembering past infections.
Fill in the blank: The process by which phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens is called _______.
phagocytosis.
True or False: The spleen plays a key role in filtering blood and responding to infections.
True
What are cytokines?
Signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.
Which immune response is characterized by the production of antibodies?
Humoral immune response.
Multiple Choice: Which type of T cell helps activate B cells? A) Cytotoxic T cells B) Helper T cells C) Regulatory T cells D) Memory T cells
B) Helper T cells
What is autoimmune disease?
A condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the primary lymphoid organ where T cells mature.
thymus.
True or False: Allergies are an example of an exaggerated immune response.
True
What is the role of the bone marrow in the immune system?
To produce blood cells, including immune cells.
What do we call the substances that provoke an immune response?
Antigens.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of phagocytic cell? A) Neutrophil B) Erythrocyte C) Platelet D) Lymphocyte
A) Neutrophil
What is the significance of the complement system?
It enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytes to clear pathogens.
Fill in the blank: The _______ immune response is slower but more specific than the innate response.
adaptive.
True or False: The skin is an example of a specific immune response.
False
What is herd immunity?
A form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population becomes immune.
What type of immunity is provided by maternal antibodies to a newborn?
Passive immunity.
