Base Vocabulary Flashcards
To help build your OE Vocab using this list, with slight modifications: https://fyrgencranic.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/old-english-core-vocabulary.pdf Translator Used: https://www.oldenglishtranslatorbeta.co.uk/
abutan
around, about
ac
but, however
acennan
to bring forth, to give birth to (I)
acwellan
to kill (I)
se adl
the sickness, the disease
agen
own
se aglæca
the formidable one, the awe-inspiring one
ahwær
anywhere
alimpan
to happen, to occur, to take place (I)
aliefan
to allow (I)
amierran
to hinder, to obstruct (I)
an
a, an, one
and
and
se anda
the malice, the hostility, the jealousy
se andgit
the intelligence, the wisdom, the meaning
se andsaca
the adversary, the opponent, the enemy
andswarian
to answer (II)
andweard
present, current
se andwlita
the appearance, the face
andwyrdan
to answer (I)
anfeald
onefold, simple, unmixed
se anfloga
the lonely flier
se angel
the hook
þæt anginn
the beginning
se anhaga
the solitary being
seo anlicnes
the image, the likeness
anræd
firm, persevering, unanimous
se anwealda
the ruler
þæt ar
the copper, the ore
seo ar
the oar/the honor, the virtue
ariht
right, properly
arisan
to arise (1)
arleas
honorless, disgraceful
arlice
honorably, virtuously
arod
quick, bold, ready
arweorðe
honorable
asecgan
to tell, to utter, to speak out (III)
astyrian
to stir, to disrupt (I)
atelic
terrible, horrible
ateon
to draw, to pull (2)
atol
terrible, hideous
þæt ator
the poison, the venom
se aþ
the oath
þæt awiht
the something, the anything
ascian
to ask (II)
se æcer
the cultivated field
æfæst
pious
se æfen
the evening
æfre
ever, forever
æfter
after
æfterfylgan
to follow (I)
æghwa
everyone, everything
æghwar
everywhere
ægþer
either
se æht
the possession, the property
se æl
the awl, the hook, the fork
se ælfisc
the eel
ælc
each
ælfsciene
beautiful like an elf
ælmihtig
almighty
æmettig
empty
ænig
any
ær
before
se ærende
the message
ærest
first
þæt ærgewinn
the ancient struggle
ærgod
good of old (adj)
ærnan
to run (I)
se æsc
the ash tree, the spear
se æscplega
the spear play, the spear battle
æscrof
brave in battle (spear-famed)
se æstel
the tablet
æt
at
ætgadere
together
ætsomne
together, summed up
atiewan
to appear (I)
æþele
noble
se æþeling
the noble, the prince
baldlice
boldly
se bana
the manslayer
þæt banhus
the body (bone-house)
se banloca
the joint, the limb, the muscle (bone-enclosure)
se bar
the boar
se bat
the boat
baðian
to bathe (II)
se bæc
the back
se bæcere
the baker
se bæl
the funeral pyre, the bonfire
bærnan
to burn (I)
se bæþ
the bath
be
about, concerning
þæt beacen
the beacon
seo beadu
the battle
se beadurinc
the warrior, the soldier
beadurof
bold in battle (battle-famed)
se beag
the circular ornament (ie ring, crown)
se beaggiefa
the ring-giver, the lord
seo beaggiefu
the ring-giving, the generosity
þæt beaghord
the rind-hoard, the treasure
se bealdor
the lord
bealu
deadly, dangerous, wicked, evil
se bealusiþ
the painful journey
se beam
the tree, the cross, the beam
se bearm
the bosom, the lap
se bearn
the child, the son
se bearu
the grove
bebeodan
to give a gentle command (2)
se gebed
the prayer
bedælan
to deprive (+a someone, +d of something)
begen
both
begeondan
beyond
begietan
to get, to acquire (5)
beginnan
to begin (3)
begnornian
to mourn (II)
beheafdian
to behead (II)
behreowsian
to repent (2)
seo benc
the bench
seo benn
the wound, the injury
beon
to be (anom)
þæt beor
the beer
se beorg
the mountain, the hill
beorgan
to save, to protect (3)
beorht
bright, clear
se beorn
the man, the warrior
se gebeorscipe
the beer party, the feast (beer-ship)
þæt beot
the boast, the vow
beran
to carry, to bear (4)
berstan
to break, to shatter, to burst (3)
beswican
to deceive (1)
bet
better
gebetan
to fix, to improve (I)
betweonan
between, in the mean time
betweox
between (two objects)
bidan
to wait, to stay (1)
biddan
to request, to beg (5)
gebiddan
to pray (5)
bifian
to tremble, to shake (2)
seo bigeng
the practice, the observance, the worship
þæt bill
the battle-axe, the falchion
seo bisgu
the occupation
bitan
to bite (1)
se bita
the bite (of food)
blac
pale, shining, white
blæc
black
se blæd
the leaf, the flat blade
blawan
to blow (7)
bletsian
to bless (II)
þæt blod
the blood
seo boc
the book
bodian
to proclaim, to announce, to preach (II)
se bolster
the pillow
seo brigc
the bridge
se brim
the surface or edge of the sea
se broga
the terror, the danger
se broþor
the brother
brucan
to use, to harness, to enjoy (2)
brun
brown
se bryhtta
the giver
se burg
the fortified place, the city
butan
but, except, without
byrgan
to hide, to bury (I)
bisig
busy
se bismer
the filthiness, the pollution, the disgrace
se casere
the emperor, the caesar
þæt ceald
the cold
geceapian
to trade, to purchase, to buy (II)
se ceaster
the city, the town
se cempa
the champion
se cicen
the chicken
se cirice
the church
clipian
to call (II)
clyppan
to embrace, to clasp (I)
gecnawan
to know, to perceive, to understand (7)
se cniht
the boy, the youth
cringan
to fall, to perish (3)
cuman
to come (4)
cunnan
to know, to be familiar with (pp)
cunnian
to experience, to learn, to find out (II)
cwellan
to kill (I)
se cwen
the queen, the woman
cwic
alive, keen
se cyning
the king
se cyse
the cheese
cyþan
to make know, to tell, to reveal (I)
se dæd
the action, the deed
se dæg
the day
se dæl
the part, the portion
dælan
to share, to divide (I)
se dema
the judge, the thinker
se deofol
the devil, the demon
deop
deep, profound
þæt deop
the deep, the abyss
se deor
the wild animal, the beast
deorc
dark
diegol
secret
þæt diegol
the secret
se dom
the judgement, the doom
se dream
the joy, the pleasure
dreogan
to bear, to suffer (2)
se dreor
the dripping blood
se dryhten
the lord
dugan
to serve, to be of use (pp)
se duguþ
the band of warriors
durran
to dare (pp)
se duru
the door
þæt gedwyld
the error, the heresy
diere
dear
se dierne
the secret, the hidden
diernan
to keep secret, to conceal (I)
dysig
foolish
se dysig
the fool
þæt dysig
the foolishness
se ea
the river
eac
also
eadig
happy, blessed
eald
old
se ealdor
the parent, the elder, the leader
se ealddom
the age
se ealdnes
the oldness
se eallwealda
the all-ruler, the LORD
earfoþ
hard, difficult
se earfoþe
the hardship, the work
earm
poor, miserable
ece
eternal, everlasting, perpetual
se ecg
the edge (of a tool or weapon)
eft
again, back
se ege
the fear
se ellen
the courage, the strength, the bravery
se engel
the angel
se ent
the giant
se eorl
the nobleman
faran
to go, to travel (6)
se fæder
the father
fæger
beautiful, pleasant, fair
se feax
the hair
feala
many, much
se feond
the enemy, the fiend
feorr
far, at a distance/perverse, depraved
se feorh
the life, the spirit, the living being
se ferhþ
the life, the heart, the spirit, the mind
fleogan
to fly, to move quickly, to flee (2)
flitan
to strive, to struggle, to fight (I)
se folde
the land, the earth, the ground
se folm
the hand, the palm
fon
to capture, to catch, to seize (7)
forhtian
to be afraid (II)
forlætan
to leave, to abandon, to lose (7)
forma
first
se forst
the frost
seo frætenes
the ornament
frætwan
to ornament, to adorn (I)
se frea
the lord, the king
fremde
foreign, strange
fremman
to do, to carry out, to accomplish (I)
se friþ
the peace, the refuge, the sanctuary
frod
wise, mature, old, experienced
frofor
comfort, consolation
se fruma
the beginning, the origin
se fugol
the bird
se fultum
the help, the support, the reinforcements
fus
ready, prepared, eager
þæt fyr
the fire
fyren
fiery
se firen
the crime
se firendæd
the wicked deed, the crime
galan
to sing, to call, to practice sorcery (6)
gamol
old, ancient
gan
to go, to walk (anom)
se gar
the spear
se gast
the ghost, the spirit
se gear
the year
se geard
the enclosure, the yard, the court
geomor
sad, sorrowful, mournful
geond
through, throughout
geong
young
georn
eager
se giedd
the story, the tale, the song, the poem
se giefu
the gift
giet
yet
gif
if
se geoguþ
the youth, the young people
gnornian
to mourn, to grieve (II)
god
good
grædig
greedy, covetous, ravenous
þæt griþ
the peace, the truce
se guma
the man
seo guþ
the battle, the war
se gielp
the boast, the pride
giese
yes
gea
yeah, yes
habban
to have, to possess (III)
hal
whole, healthy, sound
halig
holy, sacred, healthy
se ham
the home
þæt hat
the heat
hatan
to order, to command, to call, to name (7)
hælan
to heal (I)
se hælend
the savior, the healer
se hæleþ
the hero
se hæþen
the heathen
þæt heafod
the head
heah
high, tall
hearh
the heathen shrine, the temple, the idol
se heaþorinc
the warrior, the hero
se helm
the helmet, the protection, the covering, the summit
se heofon
the sky, the heaven
se heorot
the deer, the stag
se here
the army
hergian
to pillage, to plunder (II)
se hild
the battle, the war
se hlaf
the loaf, the bread
se hlaford
the lord (bread-ruler)
se hlæw
the mountain, the hill, the mound, the barrow
se hleo
the refuge, the defence
þæt holt
the forest, the wood
þæt hord
the hoard
hu
how, in what manner
se hund
the dog
þæt hus
the house
hwa/hwæt
who, what
hwær
where
hwæt
what
hwæþer
whether, which of two
hwelc
which
seo hwil
while
hycgan
to think, to consider (III)
se hyge
the thought, the mind, the mood, the desire
se hyht
the hope
se hierde
the herdsman, the guardian, the keeper
se hyse
the warrior, the youth
seo hlæfdige
the lady
se ides
the lady, the woman
ilca
the same (pron)
þæt isen
the iron
þæt lac
the sport, the play
seo laf
the remnant
seo lagu
the law
seo lar
the teaching, the learning
laþ
loathsome, unpleasant, hateful
læne
lent, temporary, transient
leas
devoid of, without, false, untrue
se leax
the salmon
þa leode
the people (masculine)
leof
beloved, dear
þæt leoht
the light
leoht
light, not heavy
þæt leoþ
the song, the poem
þæt lic
the body, the corpse
se lichama
the body (of a living person)
þæt lif
the life, the existence
seo lind
the shield, the linden/lime tree
se lof
the praise, the glory, the hymn
lofgeorn
praise-eager
seo lufu
the love
seo lyft
the air, the sky, the breeze
magan
to can, to be able to (pp)
þæt man
the crime, the evil deed
manig
many
maþelian
to make a speech, to speak (II)
se maþum
the treasure
se mæg
the kinsman, the relative
se mægen
the strength, the power, the might, the force, the army
se mægþ
the maiden, the girl, the woman
mære
famous, great, renowned
se mearc
the mark, the sign, the boundary, the limit
se mearh
the horse, the steed, the mare
se mece
the sword
se medu
the mead
se metod
the creator, the maker, the God
se mere
the lake, the sea, the body of water
micel
much, great, many
se middangeard
the Earth, the world, the middle earth
seo miht
the might, the power, the strength
se mona
the moon
se mod
the state of mind, the mood, the courage
modig
brave, courageous, passionate
seo modor
the mother
þæt morþor
the great sin, the great crime, the murder
motan
to can, to be allowed (pp)
seo mund
the hand, the protection
þæt gemynd
the mind, the memory, the remembrance
þæt mynster
the church, the minster, the monastery
seo nædre
the serpent, the snake
se næss
the headland, ness, the promontory
neah
near
se neorxnawang
the paradise, the (christian) Heaven
niman
to take, to seize (4)
se niþ
the hatred, the malice, the envy, the evil
genog
enough, sufficient
nu
now
seo nytt
the use, the advantage
ofer
over
of
off, away, absent
þæt ofermod
the pride, the arrrogance, the overconfidence
offrian
to offer (II)
oft
often
onfon
to receive, to accept (7)
ongean
opposite, back, again
ongietan
to understand (5)
onginnan
to begin, to start, to attempt (3)
se ord
the point (of a weapon), the origin, the front
oþer
other, another, next, second
oþ þæt
until
oþþe
or
se pæþ
the path
se penig
the penny, the coin
se plega
the play
plegian
to play (II)
se pohha
the bag
se preost
the priest
se rand
the shield, the shield boss
se ræd
the advice, the decision, the plan, the reason
rædan
to read, to advise, to explain, to decide (7)
gereord
literate, having a language
þæt rice
the realm, the kingdom, the district
þæt reced
the building, the hall
se rinc
the man, the warrior
seo rod
the rod, the pole, the rod/rood (unit), the cross
se rodor
the sky, the heaven, the heavens
se run
the mystery, the secret, the advice, the rune, the letter, the writing
se rum
the room
seo sacu
the battle
samod
also, too
sar
sore
sarig
sorrowful, sorry
seo sawol
the soul
seo sæ
the sea, the lake
seo sceadu
the shadow
se scealc
the man, the youth, the soldier, the crewmember
se sceat
the area, the region, the corner
se sceatt
the wealth, the money
sceþþan
to harm, to injure, to scathe (6)
sceawian
to see, to look at (II)
scieppan
to create, to form, to shape (6)
sculan
to should, to must, to be supposed to (pp)
secan
to look for, to seek (I)
se secg
the man, the warrior, the hero
secgan
to say, to tell (III)
se sefa
the heart, the mind, the spirit
se sele
the great hall, the house, the dwelling
sellan
to give, to sell, to grant, to betray (I)
sendan
to send, to throw, to cause to go (I)
seon
to see (5)
gesib
related, familiar, peaceable
seo sibb
the kinship, the peace
se sige
the victory, the success
simble
always, continually, constantly
þæt sinc
the treasure
singal
continual, everlasting, continuous
se siþ
the journey, the travel, the fate
siþþan
since, after
slean
to slay, to strike, to beat (6)
smeagan
to consider, to think about, to examine (II)
snottor
wise, prudent
sona
immediately, soon
se sorg
the worry, the sorrow, the grief, the anxiety
soþ
true, real
seo sped
the success, the quickness, the prosperity
þæt spell
the story, the message
sprecan
to speak, to talk (5)
se stan
the stone
seo stefn
the voice
seo stow
the place, the site
seo stræl
arrow, shaft, dart, missile
sum
a, some, a certain (pron)
gesund
healthy, whole, unharmed, uncorrupted
seo sunne
the sun
se sunu
the son
swa
so, thus
sweart
swarthy, black, dark, gloomy, evil
þæt swefn
the dream
swelc
such, which
þæt sweord
the sword
seo sweoster
the sister
sweotol
clear, intelligible, evident, distinct
swincan
to toil, to labor (3)
swiþ
strong, mighty
þæt symbel
the feast, the festival
seo synn
the sin, the crime
teon
to drag, to pull, to bring, to lead, to educate (2)
seo tid
the time
til
morally good, useful, competent
se tir
the glory, the honor
torht
clear, bright
þæt treow
the tree
seo treow
the faith, the trust, the loyalty
se tun
the town, the area of enclosed land
se tungol
the star, the celestial body
se tweo
the doubt, the uncertainty
þa…þa
then, when (known, single)
þonne…þonne
then, when (unknown, multiple)
þær
there, where
þeah
though
se þeaw
the habit, the custom, the practice
se þegn
the thane, the nobleman, the lord
se þeod
the people, the region, the homeland, the country
se geþeode
the language, the speech
se þeoden
the lord, the chief
se þeow
the female slave, the female servant
þolian
to suffer, to endure (II)
þrowian
to suffer, to endure (II)
se þrym
the glory
þurfan
to need, to be obliged to do something (pp)
þurh
through
se uhta
the twilight, the dusk, the dawn
uncuþ
unknown, strange, unfamiliar
ut
out
þæt wæl
the slaughter, the carnage
se wæstm
the fruit, the result
wealdan
to rule, to control, to manage (7)
se wealda
the ruler
se wealdend
the ruler
seo wealdend
the female ruler
se weard
the guardian
weaxan
to grow, to wax (7)
seo wen
the hope, the expectation
wendan
to go, to turn, to change, to depart (I)
weorþan
to happen, to take place, to come to pass (3)
se wer
the man
þæt werod
the troop, the company, the army
þæt wic
the dwelling place, the abode
þæt wif
the wife, the woman
þæt wig
the battle, the war
se wiga
the warrior
þæt wiht
the creature, the thing, the being, the person, the wight
willan
to want (anom)
se wine
the friend, the lord, the protector
þæt win
the wine
winnan
to struggle, to fight (3)
gewinnan
to conquer, to win (3)
se wita
the wise man, the counselor, the advisor
wis
wise
witan
to know, to be aware of (pp)
þæt wite
the punishment, the penalty
wiþ
towards, against
wlanc
proud, boastful
se wolcn
the cloud/(plural) the sky, the heavens
seo woruld
the world, the age
wraþ
angry, hostile, wroth
wrecca
the wanderer, the exile
wrecan
to punish, to avenge, to take vengeance on (5)
writan
to write, to carve symbols, to engrave symbols (1)
se wudu
the tree, the wood (material), the woodland
þæt wuldor
the glory, the splendor
þæt wundor
the miracle, the wonder
wunian
to live, to dwell (II)
seo wynn
the joy
wyrcan
to work (I)
seo wyrd
the fate, the event
se wyrm
the reptile, the serpent, the snake, the dragon, the worm, the insect, the poor creature
seo wyrt
the herb, the vegetable, the plant, the spice
yfel
evil, bad
se yfel
the evil, the bad
ymb
about, concerning
seo iermðu
the misery, the hardship, the wretchedness, the poverty
þæt ierre
the anger, the wrath
seo yþ
the wave (of water)
