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Basecamp: Amputations and Prosthetics > Base Camp ScoreBuilders Amputations and Prosthetics > Flashcards

Base Camp ScoreBuilders Amputations and Prosthetics Flashcards

1
Q

Type of Amputation- Forequarter (scapulothoracic):

A

Surgical removal of the upper extremity including the shoulder girdle

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2
Q

Type of Amputation- Shoulder Disarticulation:

A

Surgical removal of the upper extremity through the shoulder

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3
Q

Type of Amputation- Transhumeral:

A

Surgical removal of the upper extremity proximal to the elbow joint

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4
Q

Type of Amputation- Elbow Disarticulation:

A

Surgical removal of the lower arm and hand through the elbow joint

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5
Q

Type of Amputation- Transradial:

A

Surgical removal of the upper extremity distal to the elbow joint

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6
Q

Type of Amputation- Wrist Disarticulation:

A

Surgical removal of the hand through the wrist joint

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7
Q

Type of Amputation- Partial Hand:

A

Surgical removal of a portion of the hand and/or digits at either the transcarpal, transmetacarpal or transphalangeal level.

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8
Q

Type of Amputation- Digital Amputation :

A

Surgical removal of a digit at either the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal or distal interphalangeal level.

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9
Q

Type of Amputation- Hemicorporectomy:

A

Surgical removal of the pelvis and both lower extremities

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10
Q

Type of Amputation- Hemipelvectomy:

A

Surgical removal of one half of the pelvis and the lower extremity

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11
Q

Type of Amputation- Hip Disarticulation:

A

Surgical removal of the lower extremity from the pelvis

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12
Q

Type of Amputation- Transfemoral:

A

Surgical removal of the lower extremity above the knee joint

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13
Q

Type of Amputation- Knee disarticulation:

A

Surgical removal of the lower extremity through the knee joint

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14
Q

Type of Amputation- Transtibial:

A

Surgical removal of the lower extremity below the knee joint

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15
Q

Type of Amputation- Syme’s:

A

Surgical removal of the foot at the ankle joint with removal of the malleoli

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16
Q

Type of Amputation- Transverse Tarsal (Chopart’s):

A

Amputation through the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints. The amputation preserves the plantarflexors, but sacrifices the dorsiflexors often resulting in an equinus contracture.

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17
Q

Type of Amputation- Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc):

A

Surgical removal of the metatarsals. The amputation preserves the dorsiflexors and plantarflexors.

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18
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transradial Socket

A
  • Standard socket covers two-thirds of forearm
  • Standard socket may be shortened to allow for increased pronation/supination ability.
  • Supracondylar sockets are self-suspending and require no additional harness apparatus
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19
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transradial Suspension

A
  • Triceps Cuff
  • Harness
  • Cable System
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20
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transradial Elbow Unit

A
  • Attaches to either triceps cuff or upper arm pad

- Flexible or rigid hinge connects socket to proximal component.

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21
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transradial Wrist Unit

A
  • Quick Change Unit
  • Wrist Flexion Unit
  • Ball and Socket
  • Constant Friction
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22
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transradial Terminal Device

A
  • Voluntary opening or closing
  • Body- Powered, Externally powered, myoelectric or hybrid
  • Hook, mechanical hand, cosmetic glove
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23
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transhumeral Socket

A
  • Standard Socket extends to acromion level
  • Modified design allows fro more stability with rotational movements
  • Lightweight friction units may be used with passive prosthetic arms
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24
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transhumeral Suspension

A
  • Harness
  • Cable System
  • Suction
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25
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transhumeral Elbow Unit

A
  • Internal or external locking elbow unit
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26
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transhumeral Wrist Unit (Same as transradial)

A
  • Quick Change Unit
  • Wrist Flexion Unit
  • Ball and Socket
  • Constant Friction
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27
Q

Components of UE Prosthetics- Transhumeral Terminal Device (same as transradial)

A
  • Voluntary opening or closing
  • Body- Powered, Externally powered, myoelectric or hybrid
  • Hook, mechanical hand, cosmetic glove
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28
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transfemoral Socket

A
  • Quadrilateral

- Ischial Containment

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29
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transfemoral Suspension

A
  • Lanyard Strap
  • Shuttle lock
  • Suction (seal-in liner; skin fit)
  • Partial Suction (silesian bandage, pelvic belt/band)
  • Vacuum
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30
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transfemoral Knee

A
  • Single axis
  • Polycentric
  • Hydraulic
  • Microprocessor
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31
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transfemoral Shank

A
  • Exoskeleton (rigid exterior)

- Endoskeleton (pylon covered with foam)

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32
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transfemoral Foot System

A
  • Solid Ankle Cushion (SACH)
  • Stationary Attachment Flexible Endoskeleton (SAFE)
  • Single Axis
  • Multi- axial
  • Hydraulic
  • Powered
  • Dynamic Response
33
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transtibial Socket

A
  • Patellar Tendon Bearing (PTB)
  • Supracondylar Patella Tendon Socket (PTS)
  • Supracondylar- Suprapatellar Socket (SC- SP)
34
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transtibial Suspension

A
  • Supracondylar Cuff
  • Thigh Corset
  • Supracondylar Brim
  • Rubber/ Neoprene Sleeve Suspension
  • Waist belt with fork strap
  • Suction with knee sleeve
  • Shuttle lock
  • Vacuum
35
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transtibial Shank (same as transfemoral)

A
  • Exoskeleton (rigid exterior)

- Endoskeleton (pylon covered with foam)

36
Q

Components of LE Prothetics- Transtibial Foot System (Same as transfemoral)

A
  • Solid Ankle Cushion (SACH)
  • Stationary Attachment Flexible Endoskeleton (SAFE)
  • Single Axis
  • Multi- axial
  • Hydraulic
  • Powered
  • Dynamic Response
37
Q

Influence of Single Axis Knee:

A
  • Difficult to reciprocate during gait
  • May or may not have knee extension assist and/or a weight-activated stance phase control
  • Constant friction mechanism
38
Q

Influence of Polycentric Knee

A
  • Heavier than a single axis
  • Reciprocal gait is more fluid
  • May or may not have a knee extension assist and/or weight- activated stance phase control
  • Constant friction mechanism
39
Q

Influence of Hydraulic Knee

A
  • Variable friction for improved swing and stance phase control
40
Q

Influence of Microprocessor Knee

A
  • Multiple programs available to accommodate the activity level of the user
  • Allows for fluid management of descending stairs
  • Requires charging
  • Variable friction for improved swing and stance phase control
41
Q

Influence of SACH foot

A
  • Non-articulating with a rigid keel
  • Inexpensive
  • Low maintenance
  • Cushioned heel for shock absorption
  • Lacks energy return
  • Cannot accommodate to uneven surfaces
42
Q

Influence of Single Axis

A
  • Allows for motion in a singular plane
  • Improved knee stability during weight acceptance
  • Lacks energy return function if not paired with dynamic response foot
43
Q

Influence of Dynamic Response

A
  • Can be articulating or non-articulating
  • Keel has the capability to store and return some energy
  • May have a split keel to allow for improved surface accommodation
44
Q

Influence of Hydraulic/ Microprocessor

A
  • Finer control over the stability/ mobility of motions
  • Improved shock absorption
  • Not appropriate for all environmental conditions and demands
45
Q

Advantages of Rigid (Plaster of Paris) Dressing

A
  • Allows for early ambulation with pylon
  • Promotes circulation and healing
  • Stimulates proprioception
  • Provides protection
  • Provides soft tissue support
  • Limits edema
  • Ability to utilize an immediate post-operative prosthesis (IPOP)
46
Q

Disadvantages of Rigid (Plaster of Paris) Dressing

A
  • Immediate wound inspection is not possible
  • Does not allow for daily dressing change
  • Requires professional application
47
Q

Advantages of Non- Weight Bearing Rigid Removable Limb Protectors

A
  • Removable
  • Accommodates edema fluctuation
  • Easily applied
  • Prevents Contracture
  • Provides Protection
48
Q

Disadvantages of Non- Weight Bearing Rigid Removable Limb Protectors

A
  • Not for ambulatory purposes
49
Q

Advantages of Semi-rigid (Unna paste, air splint)

A
  • Reduces post-operative edema
  • Provides soft tissue support
  • Allows for earlier ambulation
  • Provides protection
  • Easily changeable
50
Q

Disadvantages of of Semi-rigid (Unna paste, air splint)

A
  • Does not protect as well as rigid dressing
  • Requires more changing than rigid dressing
  • May loosen and allow for development of edema
51
Q

Advantages of Soft (ace wrap, shrinker)

A
  • Reduces post-operative edema
  • Provides some protection
  • Relatively inexpensive
  • Easily removed for wound inspection
  • Allows for active joint ROM
52
Q

Disadvantages of Soft (ace wrap, shrinker)

A
  • Tissue healing is interrupted by frequent dressing changes
  • Joint ROM may delay the healing of the incision
  • Less control of residual limb pain
  • cannot control the amount of tension in the bandage
  • Risk of a tourniquet effect
  • Shrinker cannot be applied until sutures/staples are removed
53
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K0

A

Prosthesis will not enhance quality of life or mobility

54
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K0 Knee Unit

A

Not eligible for prosthesis

55
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K0 foot/ankle assembly

A

Not eligible for prosthesis

56
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K1

A
  • Transfers
  • Ambulate on level surfaces
  • Fixed Cadence
  • Limited or unlimited household ambulator
57
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K1 Knee Unit

A
  • Single Axis

- Constant Friction

58
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K1 Foot/ Ankle Assembly

A
  • SACH

- Single Axis

59
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K2

A
  • Traverse low-level barriers: curbs, stairs, uneven surfaces
  • Limited community ambulator
60
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K2 Knee Unit

A
  • Polycentric

- Constant Friction Mechanism

61
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K2 Foot/ Ankle Assembly

A
  • Flexible- keel foot

- Multi-axial foot/ankle

62
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K3

A
  • Variable cadence ambulator
  • Unlimited Community ambulator
  • Traverse most environmental barriers
  • Prosthetic use beyond simple locomotion
63
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K3 Knee Unit

A
  • Hydraulic/Pneumatic
  • Microprocessor
  • Variable Friction Mechanism
64
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K3 Foot/ Ankle Assembly

A
  • Energy Storing
  • Dynamic Response Foot
  • Multi-axial foot/ankle
65
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K4

A
  • Exceeds basic ambulation skills
  • Exhibits high impact, stress, or energy levels
  • Typical of child, athlete, or active adult
66
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K4 Knee Unit

A
  • Any System
67
Q

Medicare Functional Classification Level Scale- K4 Foot/ Ankle assembly

A
  • Any System
68
Q

Most common complaint of new prosthesis wearer?

A

Comfort of the socket on the residual limb

69
Q

If the fit of the socket is too tight what should the therapist determine?

A

If the patient has been wearing their shrinker throughout the day when not wearing their prosthesis if so review medications and diet.

70
Q

Phase immediately post amputation is referred to as?

A

Pre-prosthetic phase

71
Q

In general, how long is the pre-prosthetic phase?

A

~6 weeks

72
Q

What is the focus of therapy for the pre-prosthetic phase?

A

Contracture prevention, protecting the limb, developing single limb mobility skills, and preparing the patient for the prosthetic phase of rehabilitation.

73
Q

In general, when is a patient evaluate for their first prosthesis?

A

~ 4-6 weeks post surgical

74
Q

When can a patient start wearing a shrinker?

A

Once the sutures and/or staples are removed

75
Q

How often does medicare support a new prosthesis?

A

Every 5 years

76
Q

What size of wrap should be used for UE amputations?

A

2-4 inch wrap

77
Q

What size of wrap should be used for transtibial amputations?

A

3-4 inch wrap

78
Q

What size of wrap should be used for transfemoral amputations?

A

6 inch wrap

Basecamp: Amputations and Prosthetics (2 decks)

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