Basal Ganglia Flashcards
describe the size and characteristic of the dendrites of the striatal projection neurons types
all 4 types are medium sized and spiny: striato-GPe, Sriato-GPi, Striato-SNr, Striato-SNc
the Striato-GPe neurons project to what?
GPe
the striato-GPi neurons project to what?
GPi
the striato-SNr neurons project to what?
SNr
the Striato-SNc neurons project to what?
SNc
all 4 types of projection neurons use what main neurotransmitter?
GABA
what is the neuropeptide associated with Striato-GPe?
ENK
what is the neuropeptide associated with Striato-GPi?
substance P/DYN
what is the neuropeptide associated with striato-SNr?
substance P/DYN
what is the neuropeptide associated with Striato-SNc?
substance P/DYN
what is the dopamine receptor type on striato-GPe?
D2
what is the dopamine receptor type on Striato-GPi?
D1
what is the dopamine receptor type on striato-SNr?
D1
what is the dopamine receptor type on Striato-SNc?
D1
what is the ain funciton of Striato-GPe?
inhibit conflicting movement
what is the main function of striato-GPi?
promote limb movement
what is the main function of Striato-SNr?
promote eye movement
what is the main function of Striato-SNc?
regulate DA neurons
name the two striatal interneuron types that have these dendrite traits: large and aspiny dendites
cholinergic, parvalbuminergic
name the two striatal interneuron types that have these dendrite traits: medium sized and aspiny
somatostatinergic, calretinergic
the cholinergic striatal interneurons project mainly to what neurons?
cholinergic
the parvalbuminergic striatal interneurons project mainly to what neurons?
spiny projection neurons
what is the main NT for parvalbmuinergic striatal interneurons?
GABA
what are the main NTs for somatostatinergic striatal interneurons?
GABA, Nitric Oxide
what is the main NT used by calretinergic striatal interneurons?
GABA
what are the 2 neuropeptides associated with somatostainergic striatal interneurons?
Somatostatin
NPY
what is the main striatal interneuron that is lost in HD?
parvalbuminergic
what are the 3 striatal interneuron types that survive in HD?
Cholinergic
Somatostatinergic
Calretinergic
what is the main function of cholinergic striatal interneurons?
modulates projection neurons, opposes Dopamine action
what is the main function of parvalbuminergic striatal interneurons?
inhibits projection neurons, sharpens activity
the VA of the thalamus projects to what part of the cortex?
Premotor cortex (area 6)
the VL of the thalamus projects to what area of the cortex?
Motor cortex (area 4)
what is the neuron type in the striatum?
spiny projection neuron
what is the spontaneous activity level of the spiny projection neurons in the striatum?
LOW
what is the primary transmitter used by spiny projection neurons in the striatum?
GABA
what is the effect of the spiny projection neuron in the striatum?
inhibits
what is the spontaneous activity level of the apsiny projection neurons in the pallidum?
high
what is the primary transmitter of the aspiny projection neurons in the pallidum?
GABA
what is the effect on the target of the aspiny projection neurons in the pallidum?
inhibits
what is the spontaneous activity level of the SNr aspiny projection neurons?
high
what is the primary transmitter of the aspiny projection neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata?
GABA
what is the effect on target for the aspiny projection neurons of the SNr
inhibits
what is the neuron type in the subthalamic nucleus?
projection neuron
what is the spontaneous activity level of the projection neurons in the subthalamic nucleus?
moderate
what is the primary transmitter of the projection neurons in the subthalamic nucleus?
glutamate
what is the effect on target of the projection neurons of the subthalamic nucleus?
excites
what is the neuron type in the motor thalamus?
projection neurons
what is the spontaneous activity level of the projection neurons in the motor thalamus?
moderate
what is the effect on target for the projection neurons of the motor thalamus?
excites