Basal Ganglia Flashcards
What do basal ganglia consist of ?
Corpus striatum :
Formed by
Lentiform N: formed of putamen medially medially and globus pallidus laterally
Caudate nucleus
Amyglada nuclei: part of limbic system
Claustrum : Grey matter that lies lateral to lentiform N separated from it by external capsule
It is separated from grey matter of insula by external capsule
It is of unknown function
Explain the structure of caudate nucleus
It c shaped nucleus
It has a head, body and tail
The head is continuous with the putamen of lentiform n
The head bulges into the ant horn of the lateral nucleus
It’s body lies in the floor of the body of lateral ventricle
It’s tail lies in the roof of inferior horn of lateral ventricle
The tip of the tail is continuous with amygdaloid nucleus
What is the structure of lentiform nucleus
It looks like a biconvex lens
It is enclosed between the internal capsule and the external capsule
It is decided by external medullary lamina into
Putamen (laterally)
Glopus pallidus (Medially): Appears white due to rich myelin content
What are neostriatum and paleostriatum
Neostriatum (caudate and putamen) are similar in structure
It receives afferents and project to paleostriatum which send all efferents
Explain the structure and function of substantial nigra
-It is considered a part of basal ganglia due to its neuronal structure and related function of motor control, but may also be a part of midbrain due to its location
-it contains most of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain which play a great role in muscle coordination
-The subrtantia nigra is decided into a pars compacta and pars reticulata
Explain the structure l, function and blood supply of subthalamic nucleus
It’s located lateral to red nucleus and dorsal to substantia nigra
Functions: concerned with muscular activity
It helps the motor cortex in learning of motor skills
And also prepare the body posture to suit the movement
Blood supply :
Central branches of the ant and mid cerebral branches
Veins drain into thalamostriate vein
