Bartlett's Theory of Reconstructive Memory

Question 1

What is a schema?

Answer 1

A packet of knowldge about an event, person, or place that influences how we percieve and remember.

Question 2

Define the term active reconstruction

Answer 2

It is an interpretation of events that are influenced by our schema when we remember them again.

Question 3

How are shcemas formed?

Answer 3

We build schemas through personal experiences.

Question 4

How do schemas influence memory?

Answer 4

Schemas influence our memory and cause us to ignore or change details when we recall them.

Question 5

What are ommisions?

Answer 5

When we leave out unfamiliar, irrelevent or unpleasent details when remembering something. Our schema simplifies this information.

Question 6

What are transformations?

Answer 6

details are changed to make them more familiar and rational

Question 7

What is familiarisation?

Answer 7

When we change unfamiliar details to align to our on schema

Question 8

What is rationalistation?

Answer 8

When we add details into our recall to give a reason for something that may not have originally fitted with a schema

Question 8

What are the strengths of Bartlett’s theory?

Answer 8

1) has a real world application
2) Helps us understand why memory can become distorted
3) Remembering stories is a realistic use of memory, therefore his theory can be seen to be ecologically valid

Question 9

What are the weaknesses of Bartlett’s theory?

Answer 9

1) His findings could be subjective
2) Bartlett was not specific in his procedures