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AP World History > Barrons Chap. 7 > Flashcards

Barrons Chap. 7 Flashcards

Learn about Classical Roman Civilization

1
Q

Etruscans

A

Moved down the Italian peninsula, settling North of the Tiber River.

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2
Q

Tiber River

A

The Tiber is the third longest river in Italy, flowing from the Apennine Mountains to the Tyrrhenian Sea.

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3
Q

Latins

A

A group of people living around the Tiber River pre-Roman era

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4
Q

Romulus and Remus

A

An ancient Roman tradition of how the city of Rome was founded by two brothers.

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5
Q

Patricians

A

The wealthy land-owning class

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6
Q

Plebians

A

The small farmers, artisans, and shopkeepers

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7
Q

12 Tables

A

The earliest attempt by the Romans to create a code of Laws

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8
Q

Legion

A

3000 to 6000 men were made up of companies of 120 men, loyal to each other and trained to fight by themselves, if necessary

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9
Q

Punic Wars

A

Battles fought between Rome and Carthage for control of the Mediterranean power and wealth

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10
Q

Hannibal

A

The Leader of the Carthaginian forces who daringly led his army through Spain and across the Alps into Northern Italy

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11
Q

Battle of Zama

A

The battle where in which Hannibal and his forces were defeated by the Roman General Scipio

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12
Q

Scipio

A

The Roman general responsible for defeated Hannibal and his forces

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13
Q

First Triumvirate

A

Pompeii, the main rival of Caesar who had the support of the Senate, Crassus, the old rich dude who died, and Caesar. They agreed to switch off in power by supporting each other in elections.

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14
Q

Rubicon River

A

Pompey forbade Caesar from crossing the Rubicon to get to Rome but Caesar was unyielding. He crossed and marched his army on the city.

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15
Q

Ides of March/Brutus

A

Day predicted by a soothsayer that Caesar was going to die. Even Brutus, his best friend, took part in the killing of Caesar.
A last attempt to curve the absolute power (Republic to Empire)

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16
Q

Octavian/Actium

A

1st Emperor
Nephew of Caesar appointed after to restore order and make Rome a constitutional monarchy
Republic died after he crowned himself king for life
Battle of Actium is a turning point

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17
Q

Anthony/Cleopatra

A

Mark Antony, who was formally loyal to Caesar, and Cleopatra teamed up but were defeated by Rome at Actium

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18
Q

Pax Romana

A

The period from Augustus to Marcus Aurelius is often considered the peace of Rome because there were political peace and no major wars against the empire.
The first half of empire
2nd half was a decline

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19
Q

Mosaic

A

Art type most popular in the eastern Roman empire that often depicted Roman victories
Byzantines take it to another level

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20
Q

Virgil/Aeneid

A

Wrote epic for Rome similar to the Iliad for Rome

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21
Q

Livy

A

Roman historian of Pax Romana

22
Q

Pliny

A

Roman historian in the Pax Romana

23
Q

Plutarch

A

Roman historian in the Pax Romana

24
Q

Ptolemy

A

Astronomer of Pax Romana and Geologist wrong about the earth being the center of the solar system.
Geocentric

25
Q

Pantheon

A

Famous Roman building that incorporated Greek’s ideas of Golden mean and Rome’s architecture abilities.

26
Q

Amber Road

A

Trade route that followed the Rhine, Danube, etc rivers to transport Amber to Rome
Trade network within Europe (Runs North/South)
Rome to Baltic and North Sea
Amber is the most coveted product, sap

27
Q

Silk Road

A

Trade route that helped connect Rome to the East and establish cities along the way
Connected Han and Roman empires

28
Q

Wu Ti

A

Han leader who sent an ambassador to Rome

Expanded Han borders

29
Q

Kan Ying

A

Ambassador of Wu Ti who observed Indian merchants making tenfold profits trading with Rome
Traveled around Roman Empire

30
Q

Diocletian

A

Attempted to solve trade insecurity because of the threat of invading empires by splitting the empire in half appointing 2 more caesars for each half. This didn’t work because it only added demands on the treasury.
Turning point
Shift in power; from west to east, Rome to Byzantine
East has a rebirth, survives another 1000 years

31
Q

Zealots

A

Jews who used violence to rid Judea of Romans

32
Q

Torahz

A

Includes the Law of Judaism

33
Q

Rabbis

A

Interpreted the law

34
Q

Talmud

A

The interpretations of the Torah later become the Talmud, the secondary source for Jews

35
Q

Diaspora

A

Dispersion of Jews outside of Palestine. Some lived in Persia.

36
Q

Gentiles

A

Non jews

37
Q

Nicene Creed

A

Determined Jesus was the eternally begotten Son of God

38
Q

Sermon on the Mount

A

Includes beatitudes and the essence of Jesus’ teaching including Love, avoidance of Anger, and the promise of eternal Salvation

39
Q

Edict of Milan

A

Issued by Constantine to make Christianity a legal religion of the Roman empire.

40
Q

Constantinople

A

Roman capital city in the East

41
Q

Saint Augustine

A

Wrote Confessions

42
Q

Confessions

A

Written by Saint Augustus which combines Greco-Roman knowledge and values with the Christian Idea that even knowledgeable people sin

43
Q

Huns

A

Pushed Germans into Rome because they were seeking a warmer climate

44
Q

Visigoths

A

Rebelled against Roman Rule and sacked Rome

45
Q

Ridged Field

A

Raised fields above seasonally flooded lands for the distribution of water.

46
Q

Teotihuacan

A

A large urban center built by the Oaxaca Zapotecas near Mexico City.

47
Q

Milpa

A

an agricultural technique where Farmers cut down forests, burned the wood, and used the ashes a fertilizer

48
Q

Maya

A

An ancient American civilization extending to Guatemala including Teotihuacan. Very very very advanced for time

49
Q

Corbeled Arch

A

Stone /blocks placed like upside-down steps to span an opening in order to build temples

50
Q

Stela

A

Stone slab monuments where the elite were buried

51
Q

Codices

A

Books made of bark paper and deer skins. Like ancient manuscripts

52
Q

Tikal

A

An area in the Americas where the Maya lived which had good agricultural land

AP World History (2 decks)

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