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N5 Music > Baroque Music N5 U1 P4 > Flashcards

Baroque Music N5 U1 P4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Melody/harmony- tonality

A

There are two types of tonalities:
Major- cheerful sounding
Minor-sad sounding

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2
Q

Scales & arpeggios definition

A

Scales move by step
Arpeggios move by leap
Both in ascending or descending patterns

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3
Q

Ornamentation

A

Ornamentation decorates the main melody
Two types:
Trill- quick continuous alteration between two notes
Grace not- quick crushed notes before main melody

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4
Q

Repeition and sequence definition

A

Repetition is when a pattern of notes is repeated at the exact same pitch
Sequence is when a pattern of notes is repeated at higher or lower pitch

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5
Q

Cadence definition and types

A

A cadence is how a section of music finishes
A perfect cadence is when the ending sounds finished as it ends on chord I
An imperfect cadence is when the ending sounds unfinished as it ends on chord V

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6
Q

Word-setting

A

Word-setting describes how a piece of music is sung
There are two types of word setting:
Syllabic- each syllable is set to one note
Melismatic- each syllable set to more than one note

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7
Q

Vocals- descant

A

A descant is when a higher part is sung above the main melody
Baroque music can also be sung in harmony, octaves/unison

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8
Q

Tempo

A

Adagio-slow
Andante- walking pace
Moderato- moderate speed
Allegro- fast

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9
Q

Terms for tempo change

A

Accelerando- to speed up
Ritardando- to slow down

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10
Q

Timings

A

Simple time- when each beat can be divided into quavers- co-fee, cof-fee
Compound time- when each beat can be divided into triplets- straw-ber-ry

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11
Q

Anacrusis

A

When one or more notes are played before the first beat of the bar

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12
Q

Harpsichord

A

Keyboard instrument
Opposite colour to piano
Sounds stringy, not smooth like piano

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13
Q

Organ

A

Long notes and are played throughout a piece of music

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14
Q

String playing techniques

A

String players can play in either arco or pizzicato
Arco- instruction to string players to use bow
Pizzicato- instruction to string players to use plucking with fingers

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15
Q

String instruments

A

Violin
Viola
Cello- usually played as a bass instrument throughout the background of a piece of music

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16
Q

Woodwind instruments- oboe

A

Sounds like a duck
Barrie/ballerina
High pitched

17
Q

Woodwind instruments- bassoon

A

Like the oboe
Lower pitch
Duck sound

18
Q

Woodwind instruments- recorder

A

Higher pitch than flute
Squeaky

19
Q

Woodwind instruments- flute

A

Fairly high pitch
Smooth

20
Q

Brass instruments- trumpet

A

High pitch
Echo
Captain America

21
Q

Brass instrument- french horn

A

Low pitch
Car horn extended

22
Q

Brass instruments- trombone

A

High pitch
Lower pitch than trumpet
Smooth

23
Q

Percussion

A

Timpani- drums
Timpani use a technique called a roll- quick, continuous repeated notes at one pitch

24
Q

Vocal ranges- female

A

Soprano- highest, swan
Mezzo-soprano- middle, lower pitch
Alto- lowest, echoey, low pitch in background, from throat

25
Q

Vocal ranges- male

A

Tenor- highest, posh, like alto with no echo, sounds flat
Baritone- middle, no echo, very flat, from throat
Bass- bass, low pitch all together, flat

26
Q

Choirs

A

Soprano
Alto
Tenor
Bass

27
Q

Accompanied and unaccompanied

A

Accompanied- with background instruments supporting the solo instruments
Unaccompanied- plain solo

28
Q

Dynamics

A

Piano- p, soft
Mezzo-piano- mp, medium soft
Pianissimo-pp, very soft
Forte- f, loud
Mezzo-forte- mf, medium loud
Fortissimo- ff, very loud

29
Q

Dynamics

A

Crescendo- music gradually gets louder
Diminuendo- music gradually slows down

30
Q

Canon and imitation

A

Canon- instruments or voices played the exact same material in turn, overlapping
Imitation- similar material is played/sung, possibly at different pitches or with slight differences

31
Q

Texture

A

Homophonic- all instruments move at same time with the same rhythms but at different pitches- like lasagne

32
Q

Texture

A

Polyphonic- independent parts, using different rhythms and pitches, ‘weaving’- like spaghetti, can be described as contrapuntal

33
Q

Texture

A

Ground bass- a bass line which is repeated all the way through a piece of music while the above changes

34
Q

Form

A

Binary- music written in two sections, labelled AB, each section is normally repeated, sounds like AABB

35
Q

Form

A

Ternary- music written in two sections, labelled A and B, sounding like ABA

36
Q

Form

A

Rondo- A section returns after b, c, d, e…

37
Q

Style

A

Chorus- features. Choir singing together
Aria- a solo singer, or a duet

38
Q

Concerto

A

A piece of music accompanied by the orchestra, to show off what the solo player can do
Baroque is also a concept

N5 Music (4 decks)

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