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Fundamentals of Diagnostics Exam 2 > Bare Minimum Tox > Flashcards

Bare Minimum Tox Flashcards

1
Q

What cleaner category (nonionic, anionic, cationic)has the worst toxicity and what do they do

A

Cationics. Cause ganglionic blockade and CNS signs

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2
Q

What can anionic solvents cause

A

Hemolysis

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3
Q

What disinfectant classes are worst for cats

A

Pine oil and phenols

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4
Q

What type of disinfectants (acids, alkali, oxidizers, or hydrocarbons) are most toxic? What do they cause

A

Alkali. Cause liquefactive penetrating necrosis

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5
Q

What do acidic disinfectants cause

A

Coagulative surface necrosis

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6
Q

What is the prognosis with drain cleaner toxicity

A

Worst of all disinfectants. Is an alkali

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7
Q

How do solvents and bleach enter the body to cause tox

A

Inhalation

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8
Q

Why can’t you use emetics for caustics, corrosives, or solvents

A

Stomach wall weakened and may burst, plus potential aspiration

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9
Q

What is the toxicity caused by glyphosate

A

GI problems from the solvent added

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10
Q

What does 2,4-D acute exposure cause in dogs

A

Myotonia (probably not lymphoma)

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11
Q

What is the main toxicity seen with Paraquat

A

Lung issues. Moderate doses can be used maliciously

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12
Q

What syndromes are caused by high doses paraquat and diquat

A

Convulsive

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13
Q

What does atrazine (a triazine) cause in cattle?

A

Hyperesthesia
Unrelatedly may be associated with frog defects

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14
Q

How toxic are fungicides? What can they cause

A

Not very toxic. Possible mutagenic and carcinogenic

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15
Q

What unique organ does diquat target

A

Eye

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16
Q

What plant are especially toxic to cats

A

Onion and pine

17
Q

Choose from buckeye, oak, maple, black walnut and wild cherry. Which is most likely to cause sudden death

A

Wild cherry

18
Q

Choose from buckeye, oak, maple, black walnut and wild cherry. Which is a special concern for horses

A

Maple and black walnut

19
Q

Choose from buckeye, oak, maple, black walnut and wild cherry. Which is a non lethal neurotoxin

A

Buckeye

20
Q

Choose from buckeye, oak, maple, black walnut and wild cherry. Which two have lesions in the same organ

A

Oak and maple affect the kidney
Maple and wild cherry affect the blood

21
Q

What is the specific target of pyrethrins? Who is especially sensitive? What is the treatment?

A

Affects sodium channels. Neurotoxic. Cats sensitive. Decontaminate

22
Q

What is the specific target of organophosphate toxicity? What is the treatment?

A

Inhibits acetylcholinesterase, so causes parasympathetic signs. Treatment atropine

Fundamentals of Diagnostics Exam 2 (5 decks)

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