Barbeiri Flashcards
Which layers of the meninges can become inflamed during bacterial meningitis?
pia mater and arachnoid
Premature babies and newborns most commonly have meningitis due to what?
group B strep (esp if 1st week of life)
e coli
listeria
Older children usally get meningitis due to what?
strep pneumo
neisseria menigitidis
HiB in coutnries w/o vaccination
Adults usually get mennigitis due to what?
neisseria meningitidis and strep pneumo
How to bacterial capsules act as a defense?
prevent opsonization and phagocytosis by phaocytes
What is used to treat group B strep meningitis?
beta-lactams
What type of vaccines are avaialbel for group B strep?
polysacc capsule
no conjugate
What type of vaccines are avaialble for strep pneumo?
polysacc capsule
conjugate vaccine
What other type of disease does strep pneumo most commonly cause?
pneumonia
What types of vaccines are available for N meningitidis?
polysacch capsule and conjugate
Which pathogen causes the most meningitis globally?
haemophilus influenzae
What protects children <3 mo old from Hib?
maternal Ab
What do antibodies target on Hib to protect?
polyribosylribose phosphate capsular antigen
What is PRP conjugated to in surrent Hib vaccines?
diptheria toxoid
What type of vaccines stimulate a T-cell dependent Ab response and a memory response?
polysaccharide-conjugate vaccines
What 3 virulence factors can be found on neisseriea meningitidis?
lipooligosaccharide (LPS)
polysaccharide capsule
fimbriae
How is n. meningitidis diagnosed?
isolation from CSF
cultured on chocolate acar
gram negative diplococci
What serotype is missing in the current meingococcal conjugate vaccine?
B
What does beta hemolysis look like?
complete lysis, clear
What is found in strep pneumo cell walls?
teichoic acid
What is the name of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine?
PCV13
What is the name of the penumococcal polysaccharide vaccine?
PPSV23
Who should get the PPSV23 vaccine?
adults 65+
Who should get the PCV13 vaccine?
infants and children younger than 2 (4 dose series)
children 6-18yo (single dose) w/certain medical conditions (sickle cell, HIV< other immunocom, cochlear implant, CSF leaks)
Does a vaccine for group B strep/streptococcus agalactiae exist? How is it treated?
no
penicillin is drug of choice
Who should recieve prophylactic abx for group B strep?
group B + women in preterm labor
premature or prolonged membrane rupture
fever in labor
previous infants w/group B strep
