BAR Exam Deck 5 Flashcards
national currency based on the location
local currency
primary economic environment currency
functional currency
presentation of financial statements currency
reporting currency
When does remeasurement of a currency occur for a company?
When a subsidiary company needs to remeasure their financial statements from the local currency to functional currency
LOCAL CURRENCY ——> FUNCTIONAL CURRENCY
When does translation occur for a company?
When a subsidiary reports their currency in a functional currency that is different then the parent company’s reporting currency
FUNCTIONAL CURRENCY —> REPORTING CURRENCY
How to determine the cost driver for activity based costing (denominator)?
Choose the cost driver with the highest correlation or coefficient of determination
Change in dependent variable that can be explained by the independent variable
What is the formula for the equity ratio?
Total equity divided by
Total Assets
What are some examples of capital expenditures
Land
Building
Patents
Machinery
How do governmental wide financial statements recognize tax revenue?
GOVERNMENTAL WIDE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS USE FULL ACCRUAL
Calculation
LEVIED PROPERTY TAXES * (1-UNCOLLECTIBLE AMOUNT)=REVENUE RECOGNIZED
How is property that is retained by the government capitalized?
Lower of the cost or market value of the asset
What is the journal entry that government wide statements use to record property tax revenue?
DR: Property Taxes receivable
CR: Allowance for uncollectible taxes
CR Property Taxes Revenue
What are the three types of program revenues for a government?
SOC ACRONYM
S Charges for services
O Operating grants and contributions
C Capital grants and contribution
How do government wide financial statements report expenses?
By their function
What is the thing to remember when it comes to the fiduciary funds in governmental wide financial statements?
They are not included in the statements
What is the journal entry to reflect expired compensatory stock options for employees?
DR: APIC stock options
CR: APIC expired stock options
What are factory foremen and would it be direct or indirect labor?
A supervisor for employees in a factor
Indirect labor
Which of these cost would be in inventory under absorption costing: Fixed Manufacturing Cost, Variable Manufacturing Cost, Fixed SG&A cost, Variable SG&A costs
Variable Manufacturing Costs
Variable SG&A Cost
Fixed Manufacturing Costs
Under Variable costs it would only be the first 2
Who assumes the risk under a defined benefit pension plan and why?
The employer
They have to cover the fixed annuities that are owed to the employee
What are the financial statements that are required for a defined benefit pension plan?
Statement of Net Assets Available for Benefits
Statement of Changes in Net Assets Availaable for Benefits
Statement of Accumulated Plan Benefits
Statement of changes in accumulated plan benefits
What is an interest rate swap?
It is literally when two companies have to owe interest on a loan and are unsatisfied with their current terms so they trade their interest rate agreement with another company.
What type of costs are included in activity based costing?
variable overhead
DM and DL are already allocated directly
What are the three things that make up activity based costing
Total overhead
Cost pools: assembly cost, processing order costs,
Cost drivers: # of units, # of orders
How to find the activity rate in activity based costing?
Cost Pool/Cost driver of cost pool
Why is it after tax cost of debt when calculating the WACC?
There is a tax shield because interest is tax deductible
Formula: Pre tax cost of debt * (1-tax rate)
What is the internal rate of return?
It is the discount rate of a project that makes the net present value of the project equal to 0.
How to determine if a fund is considered a major fund in governmental accounting?
THRESHOLDS
10% times total governmental funds
10% times enterprise funds
5% times combined governmental and enterprise funds
See if the funds are above these thresholds and report them
The General fund is always a major fund and will be reported
What is the formula for the governmental statement of financial position?
Assets
Add deferred outflows
Equals
Liabilities
Add Deferred Inflows
Add fund balance
Balance sheet format
What is the format of the statement of cash flows for proprietary funds?
Operating Activities
Capital and related financing activities
Noncapital financing activities
Investing Activities
How is interest income/cash receipts reported in the statement of cash flows for pro funds?
Investing activities
For profit entities report it in operating activities
How are capital asset purchases reported in the statement of cash flows for pro funds?
Financing activities
The reconciliation of ________ _________ to net cash provided by operations includes depreciation and changes in current assets and liabilities, but does not include adjustments for _____ and _____ because ___ and _____ and nonoperating items are not included in operating income.
Operating income
Gains
Losses
What are included in operating activities for pro funds?
Receipts from customers
Payment to suppliers
Payments to employees
What are included in the investing activities for pro funds SCF?
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments
Interest
dividends
What are included in captial and related financing activities for pro funds SCF?
Proceeds from capital debt
purchases of capital assets
principal paid on capital debt
interest paid on capital debt
proceeds from the sale of assets
How to calculate the cash flows from operating activities for a proprietary fund?
Operating Income
Add non cash expenses: D/E and Amortization
Less Increase in current assets
Add increases in current liabilities except for long term debt
Gains are not included
What is the presentation of the statement of financial position for a fiduciary fund
Assets
Add deferred outflows
Minus
Liabilities
Deferred Inflows
Equals
Net position
Net position format
When a company acquires another company with intangible assets, are the cost related to valuing the assets from a consulting firm capitalized with the assets or expensed during the same period?
They are expensed during the period they are incurred and are not included in the value of the asset
The successful and profitable launch of a new product line by an entity represents:
value creation
What type of entity in required to report on business segments?
publicly traded enterprises
When it comes to working capital and specifically accounts payable, how does paying them off affect the current ratio and liquidity?
Not paying them means cash would stay the same
Paying them off means a decrease in current liabilities but also a decrease in cash.
This is not necessarily a bad thing
What are included in noncapital financing activities for pro funds SCF?
Operating subsidies and transfer to other funds
What are the fund balance classifications for governmental funds?
Non-spendable
Restricted
Committed
Assigned
Unassigned
How to adjust governmental funds change in net position to government - wide change in net position?
C: Capital Outlay
P: Principal payments
A: Asset disposals
S: Sources (other financing)
R: Revenue - sales tax
I: Interest Expense
DE: Depreciation expense
S: Internal Service fund
Change in net position for governmental wide f/s
What is the formula when reconciling the gov’t fund financial statements to the gov’t wide financial statements for the sale of an asset?
Selling price of the assets
Less Gain from the sale/Add loss from the sale
Equal to the adjustment that is subtracted
Why would a firm choose to finance their operations by equity?
They don’t have to pay dividends and there is not increase in financial risk
Downfall is higher cost
Why would a firm choose to finance their operations by debt?
Debt is less costly because the tax shield
Downfall is they are required to make principal and interest payments each period
What is the highest and best use assumption?
The use of an asset that maximizes its value
What is the market participant assumption?
The transaction takes place between a hypothetical market participant that is knowledgeable, willing, and unforced?
What is the unit of account assumption?
How the asset or liability will be described: individually or grouped with other assets
What is a required part of a local government’s management discussion and analysis (MD & A) section?
Comparing current year results to the prior year with emphasis on the current year
What is the minimum budgetary information required to be reported in the Basic Financial Statement MD&A state and local government section?
A schedule that shows the following
Original Budget
Final appropriations budget
Actual Inflow, outflows, and balances on a budgetary basis
Management’s Discussion and Analysis is a required component of the required supplementary information ___________ the basic financial statements for general-purpose governments.
preceding
Which of the following information is needed to prepare the budgetary comparison schedules for a local government?
original budget
What is the rule when it comes whether to use cash, modified accrual, or fully accrual for budgets?
Whatever the entity legally has adopted is the same method that is used for their budgets