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Surgery Lab > Bandages, Splints and Casts > Flashcards

Bandages, Splints and Casts Flashcards

1
Q

What are 7 functinos of a bandage?

A 
Promote healing
Protect wounds
Absorption
Eliminate dead space
Apply or relieve pressure
Modulate plain
Stabilize
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2
Q

What are the 3 layers of a bandage?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

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3
Q

What is the primary layer?

A

Layer in contact with wound

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4
Q

What are 3 characteristics of the primary layer?

A

Absorbs/transfers to secondary layer
Maintains moist environment
Sterile

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5
Q

What are the 2 main types of primary layer?

A

Adherent

Non-adherent

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6
Q

What are the two types of adherent dressing?

A

Dry-to-dry

Wet-to-dry

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7
Q

What is dry-to-dry dressing typically used for?

A

Casting or stabilizing a limb.

NOT for bandaging open wounds

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8
Q

What are 4 advantages of wet-to-dry dressings?

A

Hydration
Dilutes exudate
Wicks exudate
Removes necrotic tissue

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9
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of wet-to-dry dressings?

A

Can damage healthy tissue

Painful upon removal

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10
Q

When do you switch from an adherent dressing to a non-adherent bandage?

A

When granulation tissue has formed

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11
Q

What are 3 advantages of non-adherent dressings?

A

Dressing removal won’t disturb tissue
Provides moisture
Allows abdorption

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12
Q

What are 6 functions of the secondary layer?

A 
Absorbs and holds drainage
Support or immobilization
Decrease dead space
Reduce edema
Control Hemorrhage
Holds primary dressing in place
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13
Q

What are 4 possible secondary layer materials?

A

Rolled cotton
Cast padding
Gauze pads
Rolled gauze (cling, used by itself or in addition to one of the above to hold it in place)

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14
Q

What are the 5 criteria for thickness of the secondary layer?

A 
Amount of discharge/absorption
Amount of pressure required
Amount of support
Immobilization
Protection
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15
Q

What should you leave exposed when bandaging a limb?

A

Digits 3 and 4 to watch for swelling

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16
Q

How is the bandage applied?

A

Distal to proximal

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17
Q

What is the tertiary layer?

A

Binding layer

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18
Q

What is the purpose of the tertiary layer?

A

Protects the underlying layers from contamination

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19
Q

What characteristic do we want in our tertiary layer?

A

Breathable

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20
Q

What is the purpose of tape stirrups?

A

Helps prevent limb bandage from sliding distally

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21
Q

What do you do with bandage stirrups when changing your dressings?

A

Leave them on the foot, cut the loose end and apply new stirrups over the old ones.

22
Q

What is the purpose of tape overlay?

A

Provides an anchor to torso and abdominal bandages by putting tape around body on the fur.

23
Q

What is the purpose of a torso strap?

A

Helps prevent thorax bandages from slipping caudally

24
Q

When would you use a tie over bandage?

A

When the area is not suitable for a circumferential bandage

25
Q

What is a tie over bandage?

A

Loose interrupted sutures are placed around wound periphery, wound is packed and umbilical tape is cris-crossed over the wound through the suture to hold pack in place

26
Q

What is the purpose of a patch bandage?

A

To cover incision lines post-op

27
Q

When would you use a patch bandage?

A

In areas were you cannot place a circumferential bandage

28
Q

How often do you need to change a patch bandage?

A

After a day or two. Adhesive don’t stick very well.

29
Q

When would you use fur incorporation?

A

For tail bandages

30
Q

What is a major component of bandage maintenance?

A

Monitoring

31
Q

What are 4 components to bandage maintenance?

A

Owner compliance
Keep clean and dry
Restrict exercise
Check daily

32
Q

What 6 things do you watch for with a bandage?

A 
Pain/discomfort
Swollen/cold digits
Foul odor
Drainage or discharge
Mutilation (may mean something more is there that needs to be addressed)
Fever
33
Q

What are 3 characteristics of a Modified Robert Jones bandage?

A

Protects wound
Little support
Little compression

34
Q

What is a reinforced Modified Robert Jones bandage?

A

A Modified Robert Jones bandage with a splint or aluminum rod to provide additional support for minimally displaced, stable fractures

35
Q

What are 3 characteristics of a Robert Jones bandage?

A

Temporary support of fx distal to stifle or elbow
Compression
Minimizes swelling

36
Q

What is the difference between a Robert Jones bandage and a Modified Robert Jones bandage?

A

Modified Robert Jones bandage is smaller and more compact

37
Q

What is the purpose of a Spica splint?

A

Temporary splint for fx and luxations proximal to, or including the elbow or stifle

38
Q

What does a Spica splint do?

A

Immobilizes upper extremities with aluminum rod bent over patient’s back

39
Q

What does a Velpeau sling do?

A

Creates a non-weight bearing forelimb

40
Q

What are 2 indications for a Velpeau sling?

A

Immobilization after reduction of shoulder luxation

Primary stabilization for some scapular fx

41
Q

What does an Ehmers sling do?

A

Creates a non-weight bearing hind limb

42
Q

When is an Ehmer sling indicated?

A

After reduction of cranial dorsal hip luxation (provides inward hip rotation and femoral abduction if belly band added)

43
Q

With an Ehmer sling, what is the difference between making a non-weight bearing limb and providing inward hip rotation and femoral abduction (post hip luxation repair)?

A

The belly band is not needed if all you want to do is create a non-weight bearing limb.

44
Q

What type of sling will create a non-weight bearing hind limb, but still allow some limited motion?

A

A pelvic limb sling or Robinson sling

45
Q

When is a Robinson/Pelvic Limb sling indicated (2 times)?

A

Tibial or femoral fx repair

Post-op coxofemoral or stifle surgery

46
Q

When is a full leg cast indicated?

A

Minimally displaced stable fractures distal to the elbow or stifle in young, fast healing patients

47
Q

Other than the normal indications, when might you also see a full leg cast used?

A

As an adjunct following internal fixation or arthrodesis

48
Q

What are 3 contraindications to a full leg cast?

A

Don’t apply over wounds
Don’t apply with significant inflammation
Don’t cast femur or fumerus

49
Q

What are 5 requirements for a full leg cast?

A 
Immobilize joint above and below fx
Owner compliance
Confine and restrict exercise
Keep clean and dry
Placed under GA
50
Q

When do you change a full leg cast?

A

2-3 weeks in young patients

51
Q

When might you apply a metacarpal/metatarsal splint?

A

Fx at or below carpus/tarsus

52
Q

How would you apply a metacarpal/metatarsal splint?

A

Incorporate it into a Modified Robert Jones bandage.

Surgery Lab (3 decks)

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