Balance

Question 0

BOS

Answer 0

Defined by a width, length of stance
Dimensions-anter-post, medio-lat
Can also increase BOS by grasping leaning and touching other objects with upper body

Question 1

COM

Answer 1

➡️weighted average of all body segments
➡️total body COM location-57% males, 53% females
➡️CNS has to know and predict exact COM location

Question 2

Posture vs balance

Answer 2

Posture:orientation of body segments
Balance: the state in which all forces acting upon the body are balanced, such that the body tends to stay in the desired position and orientation (static equilibrium) or moves in a controlled way (dynamic equilibrium)

Question 3

Balance control

Answer 3

Stability:generation of joint torques
Forward COM motion-extensors
Backward COM-flexors

Question 4

Balance control :COP

Answer 4

➡️point location of vertical ground reaction force vector
➡️weighted average of pressures over surface area in contact with the ground
➡️lies within BOS, but not necessarily under contact area
➡️reflects neural control of postural system
➡️independent of com

Question 5

Measurement of COP

Answer 5

Force plate
COPx:dy=mx/fz
COPy:dx=my/fz
From -M=DxF