Bacteriology Quiz Questions Flashcards
Most bacteria of veterinary importance are about what size?
1 micrometer
What structures are NOT found in bacterial cells? (check all that apply)
mitochondria, nucleus, lysosomes
cell membrane and ribosomes are
Most pathogenic bacteria are
facultative anaerobes
Which bacteria have two cell membranes
gram negatives
Selective media are those that
allow the growth of only some bacteria
Which are the main molecular targets of antibiotics in the bacterial cell?
DNA synthesis, replication, ribosomes and cell wall
Match the antibiotics listed to their targets
- Beta lactam antibiotics
- Fluoroquinolones
- Tetracyclines
- chloramphenicol
- cell wall
- DNA synthesis
- Ribosomes
- Ribosomes
The minimally inhibitory concentration is defined as
the lowest concentration of an antibiotic that can prevent growth of a bacterium
T or F: In general when comparing antibiotics it is good starting point to compare the MICs when deciding which antibiotic to use.
FALSE
Do not compare the MIC directly but only the interpretation provided by the laboratory. The the same MIC for two different antibiotics can mean very different things.
Tor F: The characteristic of a bactericidal or bacteriostatic antibiotic varies by concentration.
TRUE
The members of the family Enterobacteriaceae are
gram negative bacilli
Shigatoxigenic E. coli are often associated with
edema disease in pigs
Which Salmonella Species causes most diseases in calfs
enterica
O antigen is associated with what structure?
LPS
T or F: Antibiotics are the first line treatment for severe salmonella diarrhea cases
False
Campylobacter in poultry is characterized by
little or no disease
T or F: Lawsonia culture is a standard diagnostic technique
FALSE
As an obligate intracellular pathogen culture is very difficult and not done in a diagnostic setting.
Campylobacter spp are best characterized as
Microaerophillic
Helicobacter is
especially adapted to grow at a low pH
The incubation period for Jone’s disease is
a couple of years
bacteria in the genus Clostridium are
gram possitive anaerobes
Detection of Clostridium spp. in feces of a dog is
very common in healthy animals
T or F: Infection with Cl. tetani is required for disease
TRUE
T or F: Infection with Cl. botulinum is required for disease
FALSE
Histotoxic Clostridium associated disease often follows
localized anaerobic condition
In dogs most UTIs are
complicated
T or F: when you perform midstream voided urine sampling in a dog you can expect less than 1000 bacteria in a ml of urine in healthy animals
FALSE
up to 10,000 CFU is considered contamination in midstream voided urine sampling in dogs.
When you detect high levels of antibodies against leptospira in an unvaccinated animal you can assume that
The animal could be shedding leptospira organism in the urine
T or F: leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease where close contact to infected animals is required
FALSE
Infections often occur through contaminated surface water.
Which are important defenses against UTIs
flushing, high osmolarity in urine, urea in urine
Brucella abortus is (check all that apply)
found in greater yellowstone area, a possible zoonosis
Characteristic of Campylobacter Jejuni
infections and diseas mainly in GI tract
characteristic of Campylobacter fetus ssp fetus
infection through GI tract, mainly reproductive disease
characterisitic of Campylobacter fetus ssp venerealis
infection and disease mainly in reproductive tract
characterisitic of Campylobacter fetus ssp venerealis
infection and disease mainly in reproductive tract
in chlamydia elementary bodies are
the infective form
You detect antibodies agains Brucella in an unvaccinated animal. What can you assume?
the animal is currently infected
You diagnose B. canis in a sire in a large scale commercial dog breeding operation. What is likely the best course of action?
euthanize
Listeriosis is a disease that
is acquired through the G tract but largely manifests clinically outside the Gi tract
Which is the most common source of infection of listeria in ruminants?
silage
Contagious mastitis (choose all that apply)
is often caused by udder adapted pathogens
is often spread by milking equipment
is most often ascending through the teat canal.
Is often milder than environmental mastitis
What is the most effective way to prevent contagious mastitis?
post milking dipping
The california mastitis test detects
host cells in milk
T or F: Most pathogenic Staphylococcus species are coagulase negative
FALSE
Most Staphylococcus species of veterinary importance are coagulase positive. Coagulase is a bacterial enzyme that leads to activation of the host coagulase cascade and leads to covering of the bacterium with host proteins and helps in avoiding immune responses.
The most common agent involved in skin infection in dogs is
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is isolated from a dog. What does this mean? (pick the best answer).
S. pseudintermedius is often isolated form healthy dogs. The finding depends on the location of the sample and clinical picture
Members of the genus Bacillus are
gram positive aerobes
Disposal of carcasses from animals that died of anthrax is best done by
burning the carcass
Which type of organism is classically associate with migrating fox tail
Actinomyces
Farcy is caused by
Burgholderia mallei
Which animal species is most associated with diamond skin disease
pigs
Which agent causes melliodosis?
Burgholderia pseudomallei
What is associated with liver accesses in cattle?
high grain diet
The lower respiratory tract is
largely free of bacterial colonization
Kennel cough is best described as
a multifactorial disease
Strangles is caused by an organism in what species?
streptococus equi
Classically which organisms are involved in atrophic rhinitis (check all that apply)
Bordetella bronchoseptica
Pasteurella multocida
which heloysis pattern is most often observed in pathogenic streptococcus species
beta
Mycobacterium do not stain well with the gram stain procedure because
they have a waxy cell wall
Which of the following bacteria regularly causes disease in Alaska? Choose all that apply)
Francisella tularensis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
in the laboratory plates are routinely incubated for how long to detect Mycobacterium bovid?
a couple of months
In Europe, which insect is considered the main vector for tularemia?
mosquitoes
What is the most important RESERVOIR for plague in Colorado
prairie dogs
Hemoplasma infection most often lead to
subclinical infections
Salmon poisoning disease is caused by
a bacterium transmitters by a fluke
Cat scratch fever is caused by:
Bartonella henselae
Possible differential diagnosis that present similar to cat scratch disease are:
plague
Francisella infections
Lyme disease is transmitted
after about a day or so by ticks
Fungi are most closely related to.
animals
zoophilic fungi are characterized by
growing on animals
most clinical issues caused by fungi are associated with
reduced host defenses
teleomporph stages are
sexual stages
in dimorphic fungi disease is most often caused by
yeast
