Bacterial Toxins

Question 0

2 mechanisms of pathogenesis

Answer 0

Invasive properties (damage due to growth of bacterium in the host)

Toxigenicity (the production of toxins damages the host)

Question 1

What are the 4 properties of a successful pathogen?

Answer 1

1) Gains access into host
2) Colonizes host tissue
3) Able to resist host defenses
4) Damages host

Question 2

1. Can exotoxins be produced by gram negative or gram positive bacteria?
2. Does the exotoxin mode of action include a fever response by the host?

Answer 2

1. Both

2. No

Question 3

What are the 4 classes of bacterial toxins?

Answer 3

1. Surface acting
2. Pore-forming
3. A/B toxins
4. Type III and IV Secretion

Question 4

What are the 4 types of modifications that A/B toxins can cause and which bacterial toxin are associated with that modification?

Answer 4

1. ADP ribosylation - Diphtheria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxins
2. SNARE protease - Botulinum and Tetanus toxins
3. Glucosylation of Rho proteins - C. difficile toxin
4. Deadenylation of adenine on RNA - Shiga toxin

Question 5

1. Which two diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccines are given to children under 7 years old?
2. Which vaccine is given as a booster every 10 years or after tetanus exposure?

Answer 5

1. DTaP and then DT in children who cannot tolerate the pertussis.
2. Td

Question 6

How is diphtheria used in other vaccines?

Answer 6

others are conjugated to diphtheria toxoid in order to generate a T-dependent immune response