Bacterial Structure

Question 1

Give reason/not all genetic information carried on ribosomes?

Answer 1

Presence of additional genes in plasmid wich can replicate independently.

Question 2

Give reason/bacterial ribosomes are selective target?

Answer 2

As bacterial ribosome (pericaryote) is 70s while human (Eukaryote) is 80s thus BR is a selective target.

Question 3

Enumerate 4 functions of cell mem..

Answer 3

1.Selective transport: molecules move across by simple
diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport.
2.Excretion of extracellular enzymes:
a- Hydrolytic enzymes: which digest large food molecules.
b- Enzymes: used to destroy harmful chemicals as
antibiotics e.g. penicillinase
3.Respiration: The respiratory enzymes are located in the
cytoplasmic membrane; analogous to the mitochondria in
eukaryotes.
4.Cell wall biosynthesis: contains enzymes required for cell
wall synthesis.
5.Reproduction.
⚫ Specific protein in the cytoplasmic membrane
attaches to the DNA and separates the duplicated chromosomes from each other.
In addition, a septum is formed by the cytoplasmic
membrane to separate the cytoplasm of the two
daughter cells.
6.Chemotactic system: The cytoplasmic membrane
receptors bind to attractants and repellants and
send signals to the cell’s interior then the cell
responds to the surface message.

Question 4

Cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria contain 2 catabolic enzymes and 2 anabolic enzymes.enumerate.

Answer 4

Catabolic➡️Hydrolytic enzymes-enzymes destroy harmful chemicals
Anabolic➡️Respiration-Cell wall biosynthesis

Question 5

Only one bacteria doesn’t have cell wall?

Answer 5

Mycoplasm.

Question 6

Secret behind the strength 💪 of the cell wall🧱 ?

Answer 6

Peptidoglycan(mucopeptide)(murein).

Question 7

Give reason/ capsule is important virulence factor in bacteria?🦠

Answer 7

As it protect the bac. against phagocytosis.🐀🐈

Question 8

H antigen refers to?

Answer 8

Flagella’s antigen.🥊

Question 9

Conjugation in bacteria is a mechanism replication?

Answer 9

No❌️, it’s the attachment between 2 bacterial cells by a tube leading to the gen transfer between them.➿️🫂

Question 10

Give reason/ the marked resistance of the spore cells?🦠

Answer 10

▪️⬆️ ca+ , depicolinic acid conferment thermal resistance.😡
▪️a thick cortex and a tough outer coat gives it impermeabelity 🪆
▪️⬇️ 💧 content
▪️⬇️ metabolic and enzyme activity😴🤞