Bacterial Infections Flashcards
What are the causes of bacterial meningitis in the under 3 months?
GBS, E.Coli, Listeria
What are the causes of bacterial meningitis in 1mo-6yrs?
Neisseria meng, pneumococcus, HiB
What are the causes of bacterial meningitis in over 6yrs?
Neisseria meng, pneumococcus
What is the management of bacterial meningitis?
Cephalosporins plus dex (if not neonatal). ABCDE. Sepsis screen
What are the cerebral complications of meningitis?
Sensorineural hearing loss, local vasculitis/infarction, subdural effusion (HiB/pneumo), hydrocephalus, abcess
What prophylaxis is given to the household of a meningitis patient?
Rifampicin and men C vaccination
What are the bacterial causes of encephalitis?
Mycoplasma, Lyme disease, cat scratch disease, rickettsia
Which groups of patients are most at risk of pneumococcal infection?
Asplenic and SCD. Give daily penicillin.
What is impetigo?
Localised and highly contagious. Staph. Most common if pre-existing skin disease. Erythematous macules which can burst in to honey coloured crusted lesions. No school until dry lesions
What are the bacterial causes of maculopapular rash?
Scarlet fever (group A strep), typhoid, Lyme disease
What are the bacterial causes of vesicular/bullous/pustular rash?
Impetigo, boils, scalded skin syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis
What are the bacterial causes of petechial/purpuric rash?
Meningococcal, infective endocarditis
What are the clinical features of Lyme disease?
Erythema migrans, fever malaise. Dissemination may occur after weeks or months, affecting meninges, facial nerve, peripheries, myocardium and san/avn. Joint disease occurs
What is the treatment of Lyme disease
Doxy (or amox if under 12). IV ceftriaxone for carditis/neuro disease
