Bacterial Infections Flashcards
1
Q
Clinical Features
- Interdental papilla is erythematous, oedematous and hemorrhagic
- Punched-out lesions covered by greyish pseudomembrane
- Fetid odour
- Pain
- Necrotic debris
A
Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis/Periodontitis
2
Q
Predisposing Factors for ANUG
A
- Immunosuppression
- Smoking
- Stress
- Malnutrition
3
Q
Causative Organisms of ANUG
A
- Fusobacterium nucleatum
- Borrelia vincentii
- Prevotella intermedia
- Porphyromonas gingivalis
4
Q
Spread of ANUG to soft tissue is called?
A
Necrotising ulcerative mucositis
5
Q
Spread of ANUG that extends through mucosa to the skin of face is called?
A
Cancrium oris (Noma)
6
Q
Histopathological Findings
- Non-specific features
- Ulcerative changes with thick fibrinopurulent membrane
- Thick band of mixed inflammatory cells at LP
- Extensive bacterial colonisation
A
ANUG
7
Q
Differential Diagnosis of ANUG
A
- Desquamative gingivitis (MMP, erosive LP)
- Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
- Gingival ulcerations in leukemia
- GIngival ulcerations in anaemia
- Rule out possible infections: Gonorrhoea, HIV infection, Infection mononucleosis
8
Q
Treatment of ANUG
A
- Debridement by scaling, curettage
- Frequent rinse with CHX, warm salt water, hydrogen peroxide
- Systemic antibiotics if fever and lymphadenopathy
- Removal of predisposing factors and improve OH
9
Q
Causes of Actinomycosis
A
Actinomycetes (filamentous, branching, gram-positive anaerobic bacteria) enter tissue through an area of prior trauma
10
Q
Clinical Features
- Acute, rapidly progressing or Chronic, slowly spreading lesion associated with fibrosis
- Discharge of sulfur granules that represent bacteria colonies
- Indurated area of fibrosis which forms central softer area of abscess
- Sinus tract at angle of mandible
A
Actinomycosis
11
Q
Investigations of Actinomycosis
A
Biopsy or Fine-needle aspiration -> Culture -> H&E stain
12
Q
Treatment of Actinomycosis
A
- Abscess drainage and excise sinus tracts
- Prolonged high dose of Penicillin/Amoxicillin or Tetracyclin (penicillin allergy)
13
Q
Syphillis not done
A
