Bacterial Infection Flashcards
What is an alveolar abscess
Localised collection of bacteria
Preceded by chronic infection
Tissue destruction
Perforation can Leah to spread - cellulitis
What is cellulitis
No significant localisation of pus
Spread to spaces
Spread to fascial spaced or neck
Mixed infection - mainly oral anaerobes
Can lead to septicaemia
What is Ludwig’s angina
Severe cellulitis involving floor of mouth
Symptoms of Ludwig’s angina
Swelling of floor of mouth
Difficulty swallowing
Drooling
Difficulty breathing
Difficulty sticking tongue out
Rapid onset (hours)
What is osteomyelitis
Inflammation or swelling of bone within maxilla or mandible
Most common in kids
Presentation of osteomyelitis
Pain, swelling, TTP, mobility, pus, lymphadenopathy, fever, malaise
Where is low incidence of osteomyelitis seen in.
Where vascularity reduced
Radiotherapy
Bisphosphonates
What is treatment for osteomyelitis
Local debridement
Topical antiseptic of exposed bone
Abx 1 clindamycin and metronidazole
How does necrotising ulcerative gingivitis present
Rapid
Painful punched out gum
Ulceration
Grey pseudomembrane
Inter dental papillae lost
Lower anteriors
What are predisposing factors of NUG
Poor OH
Poor diet
Smoking
Stress
Lifestyle
How can you diagnose NUG
Halitosis
Pain
Gingivitis with necrosis of papillae
Submandibular lymphadenopathy
Treatment for ANUG
Metronidazole
OHI
Chlorhexidine mw
Hydrogen peroxide based mw
% of oral lesions with TB
0.1-5%
Rare
M>F
How can you diagnose oral TB ulcer clinically
Single chronic ulcer on dorsum of tongue
Cervical lymphadenopathy
What investigations are required for suspected TB ulcers
Mucosal biopsy
Sputum culture
Tuberculin skin tests
Chest x Ray
What can you see on a mucosal biopsy
Caeseating granuloma
Treatment for TB ulcer
Antimicrobial therapy for TB
How common are oral chancres in syphilis
4-12% patients
What investigations can be done for Syphilitic oral chancres
Serology
Biopsy
What are management options for syphilitic oral chancres
Refer to GUM clinic
Benzathine Penicillin I.m.
What is syphilis caused by
Treponema pallidum
Primary syphilis presentation
Painless ulcer with regional lymphadenopathy
Secondary syphilis presentation
Snail track ulceration
Heals in 2-6 weeks
Tertiary syphilis presentation
Gumma of palate
Leukoplakia typically on dorsum of tongue
