bacterial diseases

Question 1

list some bacterial diseases

Answer 1

1) TB/ Tuberculosis

2) cholera

Question 2

what bacteria causes TB

Answer 2

mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 3

outline the structure of mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 3

1) road shaped= bacillus
2) peptidoglycan cell wall
3) no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
4) plasmids and circular DNA
5) gram positive

Question 4

how is TB transmitted

Answer 4

1) airborne droplets when infected people cough or sneeze

Question 5

what are the symptoms of TB

Answer 5

1) coughing
2) chest pain
3) coughing blood
4) high fever
5) sweating
6) shaking chills
7) headache

Question 6

how is TB treated

Answer 6

1) use of 2 antibiotics over 6 months to a year

2) an additional 2 antibiotics for the first two months

Question 7

how is TB prevented

Answer 7

1) BCG vaccine
- provides 75% protection for 5 years
- only given to those at high risk

Question 8

what bacteria causes cholera

Answer 8

vibro cholerae = gram negative

Question 9

how does vibro cholerae effect humans

Answer 9

1) lives and multiplies in the intestines
2) produces a powerful endotoxin which causes violent inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gut decreasing reabsorption of water back into the body

Question 10

what are the symptoms of cholera

Answer 10

1) diarrhoea

2) dehydration

Question 11

how is cholera spread

Answer 11

1) drinking contaminated water or food

Question 12

how is cholera treated

Answer 12

1) rehydration salts taken orally but in sever cases intravenously
2) no vaccine
3) antibiotics not given