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Bacteriology > Bacterial Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Bacterial Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between capsule and slime layer?

A

Capsule - tough and demarcated - so donot let the bacteria kill by phagocytosis by preventing oppsonization
Slime layer is loose and undemarcated

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2
Q

Capsulated organisms ? ( Preety NIce CAp )

A

All P organisms like -

pneumonia Streptococcus
pneumonia klebsiella
Pertussis bordetella
Parahemolyticus vibrio
Perfiringes clostridium
Pestis yersinia

N- neisseria meningococcus
I- influenza hemophillus

C- cryptococcus
A- aureus . S
Anthracis Bacillus

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3
Q

All capsules are Polysaccharide except ?

A

Yersinia pestis - F1 peptide
Bacillus antracis - polypeptide
S aureus - microcapsule
S pyogenes - has capsule made of hyaluronic acid

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4
Q

What is the procedure used for demonstration of capsule?

A

McFadyens reaction
Quellung reaction / Neufeld reaction ( swelling )

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5
Q

Mc Faudens reaction stain used?

A

Add polychrome methylene blue stain to bacteria —- gives purple colour

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6
Q

Which microorganism has both capsule and slime layer?

A

Streptococcus salivarius

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7
Q

Modification of slime is called?
And its advantages

A

Bio film

Helps in adherence
Anti phagocytic
Antibiotic resistance

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8
Q

Biofim is present in which organism?

A

Streptococcus mutans - in mouth - cause dental caries

Staph epidermis - causes prosthetic valve endocarditis
Also shown by pseudomonas aeruginosa

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9
Q

What avout gram positive cell wall?

A

Memonic - PPPT

P- positive
P- peptidoglycan
P- pentapeptide cross bridge
T- teichoic acid ( helps in adhernce)
100 layers thick

NAM-NAG present

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10
Q

Gram -ve cell wall?

A

Contains LPS
Lipoproteins
Peptidoglycan

Outer membrane present
Periplasmic space present + porins

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11
Q

What Lipopolysaccharide contains from outside to inside?

A

OPA
O- o antigen - most variable part eg- salmonella typhi - widal test

P- polysaccharide
A- lipid A - have endotoxin
Only in gram -ve
Have lethal effect , pyrogenicity

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12
Q

Demonstration of cell wall?

A

Registered Medical Practioner Dr

R- reaction of antibody
M- mechanical rupture of cell , microdissection
P- plasmolysis
Dr.- differntial staining
Gram staining

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13
Q

Endotoxin

A

Present in lipid a ( in gram -ve cell wall)
Gram -ve bacteria
Heat stabile
Low antigencity
Cannot produce toxoid
Needed in large amounts to create effects
Produce constant effect
Release on lysis of cell

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14
Q

Exotoxin

A

In both g+ and g-
Heat labile
High antigenicity
Toxoid production possible for live vaccine
Small account — large effect

Release as secretions

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15
Q

Exotoxin is released as secretions except ?

A

Botulinum toxin - released on lysis of cell

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16
Q

Only gram + that shows endotoxin ?

A

Listeria

17
Q

Cell wall deficient forms aka?

A

L forms

18
Q

Types of L forms

A

Unstable - lose cell wall when treated with penicillin , can revert back to its original form
1. Protoplast - g+ ( whole Cell wall lost)

      2. Spheroplast- g- ( half / some part lost)

Stable l forms-
Mycoplasma
Permanent losses cell wall
Unable to revert to original form

19
Q

Outer membrane is present only in ?

A

Gram -

20
Q

What is the respiratory unit of bacteria ?

A

Dip in cell membrane - mesosomes / chondroids

21
Q

Nucleus in bacteria?

A

Is single circular
Ds dna

22
Q

H antigen is test in widal test is for ?

A

Flagella in s. Typhi for typhoid

23
Q

Endoflagella is present in?

A

Spirochetes-
Treponema
Borellia
Leptospira

Originate from periplasmic space

24
Q

Endoflagella is seen in g+ or g- ?

A

G-

25
Q

Monotrichous flagella seen in ?

A

Vibrio
Pseudomonas

26
Q

Lophotrichous seen in ?

A

Helicobacter
Campylobacter

27
Q

Peritrichous seen in?

A

PERI - trichous

PR - proteus
E- e coli
Listeria

28
Q

Tumbling motility seen in

A

Listeria

29
Q

Darting motility seen in

A

Like shooting star
Vibrio
Campylobacter

30
Q

Corck screw motility?

A

Treponema

31
Q

Twitching motility?

A

Ekinella
Trachomonas vaginalis - causes strawberry cervix

32
Q

Falling leaf motility?

A

Giardia lamblia

33
Q

Differential motility

A

Motile at 22-25 *c
Non motile at 37

Yersiniosis , listeriosis

34
Q

Swarming motolitu in blood agar

A

PVCS
P- proteus
V - vibrio parahemolyticus
Vibrio alginolyticus
C- clostridium tettani
Bacillus cereus
S - serratia

35
Q

Prokaryota lacking cell wall and has sterols in their cell wLl?

A

Mycoplasma

36
Q

Prokaryota laking muramic acid ?

A

CHlamydia

37
Q

Spore parts from outside to inside

A

Exosporium
Coat ( makes chemical resisitant)
Cortex
Inner membrsne
Core - dipicolinic acid ( heat resistant)

Bacteriology (3 decks)

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