BACTERIA VS. VIRUS’S

Question 1

SCIENTISTS

Answer 1

→ antoni van leeuwenhoek: discovered bacteria, red blood cells, sperm cells, etc.
→ robert koch: discovered how to isolate bacteria , discovered bacteria that causes anthrax (examining blood samples by infected animals) and tuberculosis

Question 2

CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA

Answer 2

→ shape: rod shaped, spherical, spiral
→ Cell wall: gram positive (thick cell wall) or gram negative (not as thick cell wall)
→ genetics: ribosomal RNA comparison

Question 3

ANTIBIOTICS

Answer 3

→ only kill invading bacteria, the mechanism depends on the differences between invading and non-invading bacteria. Different families of antibiotics have different ways of killing bacteria.
Pneumonia: targets respiratory epithelium and causes inflammatory response in submucous, antibiotic treatment is erythromycin.

Question 4

WHAT IS A VIRUS?

Answer 4

→ an infectious particle containing genetic information (DNA OR RNA), and is encapsulated by a protein coat (capsid), some viruses have a membrane layer made of other proteins or lipids

Question 5

ARE VIRUS’S LIVING OR NONLIVING?

Answer 5

→ living components: they contain genetic material and can reproduce under certain conditions
→ non-living characteristic: they do no metabolite or respire

Question 6

WHAT DO VIRUS’S DO WHEN THEY ENTER THE BODY

Answer 6

→ enter a living cell
→ use components of the host cell and alter its genetic information
→ use host cell as a virus factory, essentially uses it to grow and develop
→ uses the cell for nutrition and respiration
→ reproduces and makes copies of itself.
Examples: influenza (types a,b,c), human parvovirus, zika virus

Question 7

METHODS OF TRANSMISSION

Answer 7

→ air (tuberculosis)
→ droplets (flu)
→ surfaces
→ direct contact (blood, feces, etc.)
→ mucous membranes (cold, flu) , mother to child (HIV), vector born (from mosquitos and whatnot)