Bacteria & Viruses - Biodiversity Flashcards
Is bacteria prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Bacteria is Prokaryotic.
What’s the difference between gram positive and negative bacteria ?
Gram-positive bacteria has the crystal violet stain, where as gram-negative has a lipopolysaccharide layer that prevents the crystal violet stain from going past the peptidoglycan layer.
Peptido Glycan meaning?
Amino Acids, Carbohydrates.
Name the 5 steps of Binary Fission.
- Chromosome gets attached to point on cell membrane
- Chromosomes then replicate
- Cell membrane lengthens and moves chromosomes apart
- Membrane pinches inward
- Daughter cells become seperate
what are the 3 shapes and names of bacteria
Cocci (circle), bacillus (rod shape), and spirillum (Spiral)
Spirillum single name
spirilla
All Cocci names
Cocci
Diplococcus
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
All bacillus names
Bacilli, Diplobacillus, Streptobacillus
how do bacteria and Archaea get energy?
Archaea: Through digestive tract of animals
Bacteria: Could be photosynthesis
T or F: Bacteria and Archaea are both aerobic and anaerobic.
True
What is bacterial conjugation
When two cells come together to give the other cell a DNA strand.
What are the two parts of a virus
Capsid - Protein coat
Nucleic Acid - DNA or RNA
How does the lytic cycle work and are symptoms immediate or delayed?
the Virus takes over the host machinery to make new viruses, immediate symptoms.
How does the lysogenic cycle differ from the lytic cycle and is it delayed or immediate?
Allows itself to become a part of the host chromosome, releases new virus after generations, delayed symptoms
How do retroviruses work?
It enters the cell in RNA, creates DNA, enters the chromosome, leaves with new virus parts and a new virus forms as it leaves.
What habitats can bacteria and Archaea live in
Archaea: Extremophiles, Thermophiles, and Acidophiles
Bacteria: Mesophiles
