BACTERIA & VIRUS Flashcards
what are compulsory organelle
cell wall, cytoplasm, ribosome, nuclei, cytoplasmic membrane
what are optional membrane
capsule, Fimbriae, plasmid, flagella
function of flagella
to allow the mobility of bacteria
what is the first prokaryotes on earth
archaebacteria
Characteristics of Archaebacteria
- are obligate and facultative anaerobe
2.cell wall made up of pseudomurein, polymer consists of sugar and amino acid
3.indifferent towards major antibiotics
4.reproduction is binary fission - do not possess membrane bound organelle
roles of eubacteria
decomposition and recycling of nutrients, digestion and disease
difference between gram (+) and gram (-)
gram (+) have cell wall that made up of thick layer of peptidoglycan whereas gram (-) have cell wall that made up of thin layer of peptidoglycan and have outer membrane
is virus a cell
virus is not a cell but its a particle. a capsule protein containing DNA/RNA
does a virus have metabolism
virus have no metabolism on its own, uses host translation apparatus for survival and replication
what is a virion size
a complete virus particle
which wave should be use to see the virus
using EM
what is the role of capsid
protects viral genetic material
what does virion consists of
virion consists of 1 or more molecules of dna and rna. has coat of protein which is capsid that protect the viral genetic material
what are three types of capsid symmetry
helical, icosahedral, complex
describe helical capside
- a hollow tube of protein wall
-enclose a RNA genome that is wound in spiral and lies within the groove
explain about influenza virus
in influenza, the genome is enclose within a thin and flexible helical capside that are folded within an envelope
describe icosahedral capside
- shape of it is polyhedron
-the most efficient way to enclose a space
-a few gene or only one is needed to self-assemble to form the capsid thus a very gene can specify a large 3D structure.
describe complex capside
2 lateral bodies lie between nucleoid and its outer envelope, a membrane and a thick layer covered by an array of tubules or fibers
virus contain 4 possible nucleic acid types
- DNA single stranded
- DNA double stranded
- RNA single stranded
- RNA double stranded
