Bacteria, Virius, Protist and Fungi Test

Question 1

How do bacteria cause disease?

a. by entering and bursting cells
b. by maintaining homeostasis
c. by reproducing very quickly
d. by destroying cells and releasing toxins

Answer 1

d. by destroying cells and releasing toxins

Question 2

Bacteria that cause disease are called

a. viruses
b. pathogens
c. prophages
d. antibiotics

Answer 2

b. pathogens

Question 3

Which of the following will NOT prevent many bacterial infections?

a. allowing foods to cool completely before refrigerating
b. washing hands and surfaces with soap and water
c. storing food in a refridgerator
d. heating objects to very high temperatures

Answer 3

a. allowing foods to cool completely before refrigerating

Question 4

An unknown disease or a well-known disease that suddenly becomes harder to control called

a. a pathogen
b. an emerging disease
c. an antibiotic
d. a viral disease

Answer 4

b. an emerging disease

Question 5

What might people do to prevent the development of more superbugs?

a. They should use antibiotics only when necessary
b. They should develop stronger antibiotics and use them often
c. They should use stronger disinfectants
d. They should not get vaccinated

Answer 5

a. They should use antibiotics only when necessary

Question 6

Viral diseases can be

a. treated with antibiotics and prevented with vaccines
b. treated with vaccines and prevented with antibiotics
c. prevented with antibiotics but not treated with vaccines
d. prevented with vaccines but not treated with antibiotics

Answer 6

d. prevented with vaccines but not treated with antibiotics

Question 7

Viral infections can be prevented by vaccines, which are

a. chemicals that destroy viral DNA
b. substances that cause viral proteins to misfold\
c. drugs that control the growth and reproduction of viruses
d. preparations of weakened or killed viruses

Answer 7

d. preparations of weakened or killed viruses

Question 8

What are protists?

a. prokaryotes that are part of Domain Archaea
b. eukaryotes that are not part of the plant, animal and fungi kindgoms
c. single-celled organisms that belong to the plant, animal and fungi kingdoms
d. single-celled eukaryotes that are part of the plant and fungi kingdoms

Answer 8

b. eukaryotes that are not part of the plant, animal and fungi kindgoms

Question 9

Most protists are

a. prokaryotes
b. single-celled
c. fungi
d. algae

Answer 9

b. single-celled

Question 10

Scientists once classified protists based on whether they had plantlike, funguslike, or animal-like characteristics. Why is this system problematic?

a. Nearly all protist are actually members of the plant, fungi, or animal kingdom
b. Most protists do not have any of these types of characteristics
c. Protists are too similar to each other to be classified in different groups
d. Some protists have characteristics of more than one group

Answer 10

d. Some protists have characteristics of more than one group

Question 11

Based on Figure 21-1, which of the major groups of protists is MOST closely related to plants?

a. Amoebozoa
b. Excavates
c. Rhodophyta
d. Choanozoa

Answer 11

c. Rhodophyta

Question 12

How are protists related to other eukaryotes?

a. Today’s protists and plants, fungi, and animals have an ancient common ancestor
b. Protists evolved from bacteria while the other eukaryotes evolved from archea
c. Today’s protists gave rise to plants, fungi and aniamls
d. Today’s protists arose from ancient plants, fungi, and animals

Answer 12

a. Today’s protists and plants, fungi, and animals have an ancient common ancestor

Question 13

Modern protists classification systems

a. place protists in the plant, fungi, and animal kingdoms
b. change very little because protists are not very diverse
c. show that today’s protists are ancestors of plants, animals, and fungi
d. will change as scientists learn more about protists

Answer 13

d. will change as scientists learn more about protists

Question 14

What structures do protists such as amoebas use for movement?

a. pseudopods
c. cilia
c. flagella
d. spores

Answer 14

a. pseudopods

Question 15

The organism shown in Figure 21-2 is an example of?

a. a flagellate
b. a ciliate
c. an amoeba
d. a spore-forming protist

Answer 15

a. a flagellate

Question 16

During what process do two protists exchange genetic material?

a. cell division
b. meiosis
c. conjunction
d. mitosis

Answer 16

c. conjunction

Question 17

Based on the Plasmodium like cycle shown in Figure 21-4 , what would happen if the mosquitoes disappeared?

a. Plasmodium merozoites would form, but gametes would not form.
b. The Plasmodium life would continue, and humans would become the only host
c. Plasmodium infection would continue because it will be passed from person to person.
d. The plasmodium life cycle would be interrupted, and the infection could not be passed on.

Answer 17

d. The plasmodium life cycle would be interrupted, and the infection could not be passed on.

Question 18

All fungi are

a. heterotrophic prokaryotes
b. heterotrophic eukaryotes
c. autotrophic prokaryotes
d. autotrophic eukaryotes

Answer 18

b. heterotrophic eukaryotes

Question 19

A mushroom is a

a. fruiting body
b. lichen
c. mycelium
d. hypha

Answer 19

a. fruiting body

Question 20

The tangled mass that makes up the part of fungus that is below the soil is the

a. mushroom
b. fruiting body
c. mycelium
d. chitin

Answer 20

c. mycelium

Question 21

An important role of fungi in an ecosystem is

a. performing photosynthesis
b. breaking down dead organisms
c. making alcohol
d. killing bacteria

Answer 21

b. breaking down dead organisms

Question 22

In a mycorrhizal relationship, what benefit does the plant get from the fungus?

a. an energy source
b. aid in seed dispersal
c. products of photosynthesis
d. aid in the absorption of water and minerals

Answer 22

d. aid in the absorption of water and minerals

Question 23

Lichens play an important role in soil formation because they

a. prevent rocks from eroding
b. are often the first organisms to enter barren environments
c. help plants get nutrients and water from soil
d. increase the surface area of roots

Answer 23

b. are often the first organisms to enter barren environments

Question 24

Based on Figure 20-5, what is the student probably trying to test?

Answer 24

Which disinfectant works best

Question 25

What is the control in the experiment show in figure 20-5?

Answer 25

The placement of the disks
The type of bacteria being used
What the disks are being soaked in
The water

Question 26

Based on Figure 20-5, how can the student measure the effectiveness of each disinfectant? Explain

Answer 26

By how much bacteria is not around the disk. Disinfectant 1&3 work better than #2 and distilled water.q

Question 27

Look at the dishes in Figure 20-5. Which disinfectant was the most effective at controlling the growth of E. coli? How do you know?

Answer 27

Disinfectant 1, because it has the biggest clear space around it.

Question 28

Look at the results of the experiment shown in figure 20-5. Why do you think the different disinfectants are not equally effective against the E. coli bacteria?

Answer 28

Because there must be something certain in those disinfectants that kills the E. coli and there must be more of it in disinfectant 1 rather than 3.

Question 29

Figure 20-1 shows the structure of

a. a virus
b. an archean
c. a methane producer
d. a bacterium

Answer 29

d. a bacterium