Bacteria and Viruses

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.

Question 2

Bacilli

Answer 2

a rod-shaped bacterium

Question 3

cocci

Answer 3

any bacterium that has a spherical or generally round shape.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

a bacterium with a rigid spiral structure, found in stagnant water and sometimes causing disease.

Question 5

binary fission

Answer 5

division in half

Question 6

endospore

Answer 6

a dormant, tough, non-reproductive structure produced by a small number of bacteria.

Question 7

Bioremediation

Answer 7

the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants.

Question 8

Nitrogen Fixation

Answer 8

the chemical process by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds.

Question 9

antibiotic

Answer 9

a medicine that destroys microorganisms

Question 10

pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

bacteria that can cause infection.

Question 11

virus

Answer 11

an infection that is too small to be seen by light microscopy

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

an animal or plant in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.