bacteria and viruses

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria

Question 2

Bacilli

Answer 2

a disease-causing bacterium.

Question 3

Cocci

Answer 3

any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

a bacterium with a rigid spiral structure, found in stagnant water and sometimes causing disease

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies.

Question 6

Endospore

Answer 6

a resistant asexual spore that develops inside some bacteria cells

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 7

a chemical process by which molecular nitrogen which has a strong triple covalent bond, is converted into ammonia or related nitrogenous compounds

Question 8

Bioremediation

Answer 8

the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site.

Question 9

Antibiotic

Answer 9

a medicine

Question 10

Pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

bacteria that can cause disease

Question 11

Virus

Answer 11

an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives