Bacteria and Archaea

Question 1

Bacteria and Archaea similarity

Answer 1

Single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bounded organelles

1-10 Um

can grow at above 80

circular chromosomes

Question 2

Bacteria and Archaea Difference

Answer 2

Bacteria use Peptidoglycan for cell wall.
Archaea use Pseudo-peptidoglycan.

B use fatty acid for membrane.
A use non-fatty acid

B use chlorophyll in photosynthesis
A don’t

Question 3

Plasmids

Answer 3

Circular DNAs apart from the chromosome in the Prokaryotes cells

Question 4

Ribosome

Answer 4

where proteins assembled.

Question 5

Coccus (shape)

Answer 5

Spherical 圆球

Question 6

Bacillus (shape)

Answer 6

rod 长条

Question 7

Spirillum (shape)

Answer 7

spiral 捲条

Question 8

Pili (pilus-singular)

Answer 8

organelle that allow cells to adheres to ojects

the sex pili can transfer DNA

Question 9

Taxis

Answer 9

a response that cells move towards or away from the external food, light O2 or light

Question 10

Autotrophs

Answer 10

Use Carbon from CO2

Question 11

Heterotrophs

Answer 11

Carbon from organic sources : ie from the host

Question 12

Phototrophs

Answer 12

Energy from Sun (plant)

Question 13

Chemotrophs

Answer 13

Energy from in or organic chemicals

Question 14

Transformation

Answer 14

Part of horizontal gene transfer (foreign gene)

Naked DNA or plasmid enter the cell

Question 15

Transduction

Answer 15

Part of horizontal gene transfer (foreign gene)

Virus contains DNA from another cell

Question 16

Conjugation

Answer 16

Part of horizontal gene transfer (foreign gene)

Sex pilis connected the cells and transfered.

Question 17

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 17

a bacterium that is a member of the Firmicutes, and is frequently found in the human respiratory tract and on the skin.

Question 18

Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, abbreviated MRSA

Answer 18

is one of a number of greatly feared strains of S. aureus which have become resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics.