Bacteria and Amoebae Flashcards
What is a bacterium?
They are microscopic prokaryotes.
They have no nucleus or membrane - bound organelles.
They contain ribosomes.
They have a single, circular strand of DNA in their nucleoid region.
What protects Bacteria?
Its cell wall made of peptidoglycan
It may have a sticky coating called the Capsule for attaching to the host or other bacteria.
What is Bacteria’s size?
They have small rings of DNA called Plasmids.
They are unicellular and small is size (0.5-2um).
How do Bacteria Respire?
The infoldings of cell membrane carry on photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Those infoldings are called Mesosomes.
What do motile bacteria have?
Bacteria that are motile have appendages called flagella.
They are attached by a basal body. Bacteria can have one or many flagella.
What is an Amoeba?
A unicellular organism that has the ability to change its shape.
Usually found in water bodies such as ponds. lakes and slow-moving rivers.
Sometimes, these unicellular organisms can also make their way inside the human body and cause various illnesses.
What are the characteristics of amoebae?
Their move through the use of pseudopodia, where the cytoplasm pushes the plasma membrane outward or inward, creating blunt, finger-like projections.
There can be multiple pseudopodia at one instance, hence, its shape rapidly changes.
What does the structure of pseudopodia comprise of?
- Cytoplasm - can be differentiated into two layers - outer ectoplasm and inner endoplasm.
- Plasma membrane - very thin, double-layered membrane composed of protein and lipid molecules.
- Contractile vacuole.
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Apparatus
- fat globules.
How do amoebae consume food?
They consume food through either phagocytosis or pinocytosis.
How do Amoebae reproduce?
Through asexual means (binary fission).
