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Pharm 2 > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Streptococcus

A

Gram Positive

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2
Q

Staphylococcus

A

Gram Positive

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3
Q

Enterococcus

A

Gram Positive

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4
Q

Peptostreptococcus

A

Gram Positive (anaerobe)

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5
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A

Gram Positive bacilli

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6
Q

Clostridium

A

Gram Positive bacilli (anaerobe)

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7
Q

Cornyebacterium

A

Gram Positive bacilli

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8
Q

Listeria

A

Gram Positive bacilli

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9
Q

Nessieria meningitides

A

Gram Negative cocci

encapsulated

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10
Q

Nessieria gonorrhoeae

A

Gram Negative cocci

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11
Q

Moraxella

A

Gram Negative cocci

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12
Q

Citrobacter

A

lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

enteric

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13
Q

E. coli

A

lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)
non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)
enteric

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14
Q

Enterobacter

A

lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

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15
Q

Klebsiella

A

lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

enteric

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16
Q

Serratia

A

lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

enteric

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17
Q

Pseudomonas

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

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18
Q

Proteus

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

enteric

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19
Q

Yersinia

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

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20
Q

Acinetobacter

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

enteric

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21
Q

Bacteroides

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

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22
Q

Legionella

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

enteric

23
Q

Campylobacter

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

24
Q

Salmonella

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

25
Q

Shigella

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

26
Q

Stenotraphomonas

A

non-lactose fermenting bacilli (GN)

27
Q

Haemophilus Influenza

A

non-lactose and lactose fermenting cocci and bacilli (GN)

28
Q

Haemophilus Influenza Type B

A

encapsulated

29
Q

Strep. pneumoniae

A

encapsulated

30
Q

Group A and B strep

A

encapsulated

31
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

encapsulated

32
Q

Salmonella typhi

A

encapsulated

33
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

atypical

34
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae

A

atypical

35
Q

Rickettsias

A

atypical

36
Q

ESKAPE Pathogens

A 
Resistant to Antibiotics 
enterococcus faecium 
staph. aureus 
klebsiella 
acinetobacter 
pseudomonas 
enterobacter
37
Q

Alpha Hemolytic (partial) Strep

A

strep. viridians and strep. pneumoniae

38
Q

Beta Hemolytic Strep (full)

A

strep. pyrogens (group A)
strep. agalactiae (group B)
step. equi (group C )
strep. bovis (group D)
strep. anginosus (group F)
strep. dysgalactiae (group G)
Group H

39
Q

E. faecium

A

Enteroccous (GP)
not virulent
VRE or VSE
easy to spread person to person

40
Q

E. faecalis

A

Enteroccus (GP)
not virulent
problematic for immunocompromised patients
usually susceptible to Vanco and penicillins

41
Q

Staph Aureus

A 
coagulase postive 
MSSA vs. MRSA 
produces a toxin 
easily transmitted 
concern for large group contamination 
>25% are MRSA ( cellulitis, abscess, bacteremia, endocarditis, pneumoniae, bone
42
Q

Staph Epidermis

A 
coagulase negative 
common skin bacteria 
not susceptible to many Abx 
usually not virulent 
contaminated in blood cultures 
wound and bone infections
43
Q

HNM

A

gram negative cocci
haemophillus + moraxella –> upper and lower RIs
neisseria –> gonorrhae and meningitis

44
Q

Atypicals

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae
rarely grow on the gram stain
URIs and walking pneumoniae

45
Q

Enteric Gram Negative Bacteria

A

GNRs (gram negative rods) in the intestines
lactose and non lactose fermenting
community–> UTIs , abdominal infections
hospitals–> pneumonia, UTI
have ability to develop resistance through plasmid exchange
E. coli, proteus, serratia, acinobacter, citrobacter, klebsillea, legionella pneumoniae

46
Q

Pseudomonas

A

gram negative, oxidase positive, non-lactose fermenting
potential for MDR through plasmid exchange
common pathogen: pseudomonas aeruginosa
common infection: pneumonia, wounds, osteomyelitis
hard to kill, common HAIs, non commonly seen in healthy person

47
Q

Anaerobes (Gram Positive)

A 
clostridium 
actinomycetes 
lactobacillus 
propionibacterium 
preptostreptococcus
48
Q

Anaerobes (Gram Negative)

A

bactericides fragilis
fusobacterium
porphyromonas
veiloneila

49
Q

important bacteria on the RISE

A

MRSA, VRE, C. Diff

MDR GNR- extended spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitor (ESBL inhibitors- enzyme that inhibits cell wall of bacteria)

50
Q

SPACE organisms

A

ESBL inhibitors

  • serratia
  • pseudomonas
  • acinetobacteria
  • citrobacteria
  • enterobacter
51
Q

Type 1 PK

A

Concentration dependent and prolonged persistent effects
Aminoglycosides, daptomycin, fluroquinolones
Goal: maximize concentrations
PK Parameter: Peak (Max/MIC)
Give high does less frequently

52
Q

Type II PK

A 
Time dependent and minimal persistent effects 
Beta lactams, linezolid, erythromycin 
Goal: maximize duration of exposure 
PK Parameter: T>MIC 
(Given frequently, multiple times a day)
53
Q

Type III PK

A

Time dependent and moderate to prolonged persistent effects
Azithromycin, clindamycin, tetracyclines, vancomycin, metronidazole
Goal: maximize amount of drug (over a 24 hour period)
PK parameter: 24 hour AUC/MIC
(Given daily or Q12)

Pharm 2 (2 decks)

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