bacteria

Question 1

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria.

Answer 1

Prokaryote

Question 2

a rod-shaped bacterium.

Answer 2

Bacilli

Question 3

any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.

Answer 3

Cocci

Question 4

a bacterium with a rigid spiral structure, found in stagnant water and sometimes causing disease.

Answer 4

Spirilla

Question 5

‘Binary fission (“division in half”) is a kind of asexual reproduction. It is the most common form of reproduction in prokaryotes such as bacteria. This process occurs in some single-celled Eukaryotes like Amoeba and Paramecium.

Answer 5

Binary Fission

Question 6

a resistant asexual spore that develops inside some bacteria cells.

Answer 6

Endospore

Question 7

the chemical processes by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle.

Answer 7

Nitrogen fixation

Question 8

the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site.

Answer 8

Bioremediation

Question 9

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a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.

Answer 9

Antibiotic

Question 10

Pathogenic is a medical term that describes viruses, bacteria, and other types of germs that can cause some kind of disease. The flu, various parasites, and athlete’s foot fungus are all considered to be pathogenic.

Answer 10

Pathogenic bacteria

Question 11

an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.

Answer 11

Virus

Question 12

an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.

Answer 12

Host