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Boards in March - Micobiology > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

prokaryotic, cell wall, single chromosome, 70S ribsome

A

bacteria characteristics

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2
Q

stain, shape, oxygen requirements, temperature, others

A

classification of bacteria

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3
Q

lag, log, stationary and death

A

bacterial growth phases

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4
Q

number of cells are constant as they prepare for growth; no multiplication

A

lag growth phase

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5
Q

exponential growth

A

log growth phase

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6
Q

new growth matches die off rate as nutrients run out of food

A

stationary growth phase

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7
Q

gram positive (BLUE) or negative (RED)

A

stain

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8
Q

crystal violet, H2O, iodine, H2O, acetone alcohol wash, safranin, H2O

A

gram stain

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9
Q

iodine (mordant or fixer) and safranin (counterstain)

A

mordant and counterstain

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10
Q

coccus (round), bacillus (rod) or vibrio (comma-shaped)

A

shape

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11
Q

aerobic (grows in O2) or anaerobic (can grow without O2)

A

oxygen requirement

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12
Q

prefers to live without O2 but has the facility (ability) to live with oxygen

A

facultative anaerobic

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13
Q

cannot live in the presence of O2

A

obligate anaerobic

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14
Q

cannot live without oxygen-mycobacteria, bacillus, and pseudomonas

A

obligate aerobic

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15
Q

needs a very small amount of O2 - helicobacter pylori, treponema pallidum

A

microaerophilic

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16
Q

thermophile (45-900), mesophile (20-450), or psychrophile (0-200)

A

temperature preferences

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17
Q

urease, nitrite producing, catalase positive, specific sugar fermentation

A

other ways of grouping bacteria

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18
Q

klebsiella, proteus, ureaplasma, nocardia, (cryptococcus), helicobacter

A

urease (urea splitting)

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19
Q

klebsiella, escherichia coli, enterobacter, pseudomonas, proteus, serratia

A

nitrite-producing

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20
Q

pseudomonas, listeria, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus

A

catalase - positive

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21
Q

staphylococcus aureus; all other staphylococci and coagulase negative

A

coagulase - positive coccus

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22
Q

neisseria gonorrhea and neisseria meningitidis

A

glucose - fermentation coccus

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23
Q

escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae

A

lactose - fermenting bacilli

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24
Q

neisseria meningitdis and proteus mirabilis

A

maltose fermenting bacteria

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25
Q

mycoplasma

A

bacteria without cell walls

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26
Q

chlamydia, rickettsiae, ehrlichia, bartonella, and coxiella

A

obligate intracellular parasite

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27
Q

borrelia, leptospira, treponema

A

flexible bacteria (spirochetes)

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28
Q

all bacteria have cell walls except MYCOPLASMA

A

bacteria rule 1

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29
Q

all cocci are gram + except NEISSERIA

A

bacteria rule 2

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30
Q

all bacilli are gram - except the baccilus group

A

bacteria rule 3

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31
Q

bacillus, clostridium, corynebacterium, and listeria

A

baccilus group

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32
Q

all gram + bacilli are spore forming except corynebacterium and listera

A

bacteria rule 4

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33
Q

all gram - bacilli are enteric except 8

A

bacteria rule 5

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34
Q

all UTI causing bacteria are nitrite + except STAPH, SAPROPHYTICUS

A

bacteria rule 6

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35
Q

gram + spore forming rod causes woolsorter’s dz, malignant pustule

A

baillus anthracis

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36
Q

gram + spore forming rod, food poisoning from eating reheated fried rice

A

bacillus cereus

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37
Q

gram - non enteric rod causing cat scratch dz

A

bartonella henselae

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38
Q

paroxysmal bouts of coughing followed by an inspiratory whoop

A

bordetella pertussis

39
Q

spirochete, darkfield microscopy, ixodes vector deer tick, lyme dz

A

borrelia burgdorferi

40
Q

gram -, non enteric, causes undulant fever, contaminated milk

A

brucella abortus

41
Q

obligate intracellular parasite, causing lung infection in bird keepers

A

chlamydia psittaci

42
Q

commonest cause of blindness in Africa, spread by flies

A

chlamydia trachomatis ABC

43
Q

urethritis, PID, reiters syndrome: conjunctivitis, arthritis, urethritis

A

chlamydia trachomatis D-K

44
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum - painful buboes, sign of the groove

A

chlamydia trachomatis L1 L2 L3

45
Q

transmitted by contaminated honey and causes paralysis and diplopia

A

clostridium botulinum

46
Q

pseudomembranous enterocolitis

A

clostridium difficile

47
Q

deep puncture wound followed by muscle necrosis and gas bubbles

A

clostridium perfringens

48
Q

causes lockjaw (trismus), produces exotoxin tetanospasmin

A

clostridium tetani

49
Q

gram + rod, grey pseudomembrane in the throat and heat damage

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae

50
Q

obligate intracellular parasite, unpasteurized mild, skin rash with Q fever

A

coxiella burnetti

51
Q

gram -, enteric catalase + rod causing UTI

A

enterobacter cloacae

52
Q

gram -, enteric lactose fermenting, commonest cause of UTI

A

escherichia coli

53
Q

O and H types are used to identify pathogenic stains

A

e coli typing

54
Q

causes hemolytic uremic syndrome

A

e coli subtype O157:H7

55
Q

gram -, non enteric rod, fever from handling infected rabbit skin

A

francisella tularensis

56
Q

gram -, urease + rod, causes peptic ulcer, gastritis, stomach cancer

A

helicobacter pylori

57
Q

gram -, non enteric rod, pink eye dz

A

hemophilus aegypti

58
Q

gram -, non enteric rod, causes chancroid painful yellow genital sore

A

hemophilus ducreyi

59
Q

gram -, non enteric rod, pneumonia, otitis, epiglottis, meningitis

A

hemophilus influenzae

60
Q

gram -, enteric, lactose fermenting bacillus pneumonia, UTI

A

klebsiella pneumoniae

61
Q

gram -, non enteric, lung infection from infected air conditioners

A

legionella pneumonphila

62
Q

spirchete, darkfield microscopy, weil’s dz. spread by rats

A

leptospira interrogans

63
Q

gram + non spore forming, contaminated milk or cheese, meningitis

A

listeria monocytogenes

64
Q

gram resistant, thick waxy wall, ziehl neelsen stain, lowenstein jensen m.

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

65
Q

gram resistant bacteria like cool places nerves and face

A

mycobacterium leprae

66
Q

gram - intracellular glucose fermenting coccus urethritis

A

neisseria gonorrhea

67
Q

gram - coccus which ferments maltose and glucose meningitis

A

neisseria meningitidis

68
Q

gram -, enteric urea splitting bacillus causing UTI

A

proteus mirabilis

69
Q

gram -, non enteric bacillus, infected burns with blue green pus

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

70
Q

gram -, enteric, causes rose colored spots and step ladder fever

A

salmonella typhi

71
Q

gram - bacillus, produces red pigment

A

serratia marcescens

72
Q

gram -, enteric, non lactose fermenting, causes bloody diarrhea

A

shigella dysenteriae

73
Q

gram +, catalase and coagulase + coccus, infecting healthy valves

A

staphylococcus aureus

74
Q

gram +, catalase +, coagulase - coccus causes UTI

A

staphylococcus saprophyticus

75
Q

gram +, catalase -, alpha hemolytic coccus in strips

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

76
Q

grame +, catalase -, beta hemolytic coccus, rheumatic fever

A

streptococcus pyogenes

77
Q

gram +, catalase -, alpha hemolytic, previously damaged valves

A

streptococcus viridans

78
Q

spirochete, darkfield microscopy, painless penile chancre

A

treponema pallidum

79
Q

gram - enteric rod - causes severe diarrhea and rice water stool

A

vibrio cholera

80
Q

gram - enteric rod - causes food poisoning and necrotizing fasciitis

A

vibrio vulnificus

81
Q

gram - enteric rod- causes bubonic and pneumonic plague

A

yersinia pestis

82
Q

dz transmitted from animals to humans in a specific occupation

A

zoonosis

83
Q

francisella tulanersis

A

rabbit skinning

84
Q

brucella abortus

A

abattoir worker

85
Q

bacillus anthracis

A

sheep sharer

86
Q

vibrio vulnificus

A

fishermen

87
Q

bartonella henseiae

A

cat scratch

88
Q

leptospira interrogans

A

rats in cane fields

89
Q

yersinia pestis

A

rat fleas

90
Q

allergic to meat after bit by a tick infected with ehrlichia chaffeensis

A

lone star tick

91
Q

dead gram - bacteria, outer wall, heat stable, systemic effects

A

endotoxin

92
Q

live gram +, destroyed by heat, antigenic, targets specific tissue

A

exotoxin

93
Q

exotoxin which targets the nerves, stops GABA or glycine production

A

tetanospasmin

94
Q

exotoxin which targets the acetylcholine receptor a the NMJ

A

botulinum

Boards in March - Micobiology (10 decks)

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