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Module 6 > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteria with Internalin

A

Listeria

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2
Q

Abiogenesis theory

A

John Needham

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3
Q

Biogenesis theory

A

Francesco Redi

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4
Q

Germ Theory

A

Benjamin Martin

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5
Q

Bacteria not grown in pure culture

A

M. leprae

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6
Q

Hard chancre

A

Syphilis

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7
Q

Soft chancre

A

H. ducreyi

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8
Q

Stages of infectious disease

A

Incubation - Prodrome - Acme - Decline - Recovery

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9
Q

Malaria endemic in

A

Palawan

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10
Q

Filariasis: endemic in

A

Mindoro

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11
Q

Schistosomiasis: endemic in

A

Samar Leyte

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12
Q

Handwashing proponent

A

Semmelweis

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13
Q

Bacterial indicator: Oven

A

B. subtilis

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14
Q

Bacterial indicator: Autoclave

A

B. stearothermophilus

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15
Q

Resistant to osmotic pressure

A

Fungi

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16
Q

Chemicals that cause membrance disruption (HPS)

A

Halogen - Phenol - Surfactant

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17
Q

Chemicals that cause Protein denaturation (AEHeOQ)

A

Alcohol/Aldehydes - Ethylene Oxide - Heavy Metals/Halogen - OA - Quaternary amines

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18
Q

Live attenuated is not given less than how many months

A

6 months (except oral vaccines) measles vaccine

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19
Q

Pentavalent Vaccine

A

HiB - Hepa B - DPT

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20
Q

Intussusception

A

Rotavirus vaccine (greater than 10 months/1 year)

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21
Q

Vaccine at 9 months

A

Measles

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22
Q

Vaccine at 12 months

A

MMR

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23
Q

Bacteria with inclusion bodies (energy reserves)

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

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24
Q

Does not require sterol in cell membrane and no cell wall

A

Mycoplasma

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25
Q

K-antigen

A

Capsule

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26
Q

H-antigen

A

Flagella

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27
Q

Thin peptidoglycan layer

A

Gram (-)

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28
Q

With techoic acid

A

Gram (+)

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29
Q

Somatic O antigen

A

Gram (-)

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30
Q

Periplasmic space

A

Gram (-); this contains enzymes

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31
Q

Pallisade arrangement

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

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32
Q

Jumping genes

A

Transposons

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33
Q

Phage mediated gene transfer

A

Transduction

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34
Q

Sex pili mediate gene transfer

A

Conjugation

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35
Q

Direct DNA gene transfer

A

Transformation

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36
Q

Protoplasmic projections

A

Yersinia pestis

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37
Q

Pseudopods

A

Shigelle sp.

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38
Q

Coiling phagocytosis

A

Legionella spp.

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39
Q

Catalase (+)

A

Staphylococcus

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40
Q

Coagulase (+)

A

Staphyloccocus aureus

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41
Q

Antigenic structures of S. aureus (PTC)

A

Protein A - Teichoic acid - Capsules

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42
Q

Susceptible to novobiocin

A

S. epidermidis

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43
Q

Resistant to novobiocin

A

S. saprophyticus

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44
Q

Bacterial endocarditis with artificial heart valves

A

S. epidermidis

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45
Q

UTI in young women

A

S. saprophyticus

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46
Q

Alpha hemolytic streptococci

A

Viridans strep - Streptococcus pneumoniae

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47
Q

Beta hemolytic streptococci

A

Strep pyogenes - Strep agalactiae

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48
Q

Protein M

A

Strep. Pyogenes

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49
Q

Scarlet fever

A

S. pyogenes

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50
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

S. pyogenes

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51
Q

Sepsis and meningitis in neonates thru birth canal

A

S. agalactiae

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52
Q

Grow in 40% bile

A

Group D Strep and Enterococcus

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53
Q

Bacterial endocarditis with natural heart valves

A

Viridans strep

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54
Q

Lancet shaped diplococci

A

S. pneumoniae

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55
Q

Most common cause of CAP

A

S. pneumoniae

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56
Q

Most common cause of otitis media

A

S. pneumoniae

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57
Q

Positive Quellung reaction

A

S. pneumoniae

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58
Q

Most common cause of meningitis in 5 months - 5 year old

A

H. influenzae

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59
Q

2nd most common cause of otitis media

A

H. influenzae

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60
Q

Chocolate agar plate

A

H. influenzae and parainfluenzae

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61
Q

Koch week’s bacillus

A

H. aegyptius

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62
Q

Brazillian purpuric fever

A

H. aegyptius

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63
Q

Bacterial endocarditis after oral trauma

A

H. parainfluenzae

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64
Q

Culture media: Bordatella

A

Modified bordet gengou agar

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65
Q

Whooping cough

A

Bordatella pertusis

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66
Q

A antigen

A

Brucella abortus

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67
Q

M antigen

A

Brucella mellitensis

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68
Q

Gastric remittant fever

A

Brucellosis

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69
Q

Undulating fever

A

Brucellosis

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70
Q

Rabbit fever/Deerfly fever

A

Tularemia

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71
Q

Kidney shaped diplococci

A

N. gonorrheae

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72
Q

Found in polymorphonuclear cell

A

N. gonorrheae (with catalase and peroxidase)

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73
Q

Only piliated bacteria that appears to be virulent

A

N. gonorrheae

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74
Q

IgA protease

A

N. gonorrheae and N. meningitidis

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75
Q

Post gonococcal urethritis

A

N. gonorrheae

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76
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

N. gonorrheae

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77
Q

Arthritis Dermatitis syndrom

A

N. gonorrheae

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78
Q

Petechiae

A

N. meningitidis

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79
Q

With unusual cylindrical projections

A

Chlamydiae spp.

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80
Q

Metabolically active state of Chlamydia

A

Reticulate

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81
Q

Infectious stage of Chlamydia

A

Elementary

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82
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

83
Q

Inclusion conjunctivitis

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

84
Q

Lead to non discreet respiratory syndrom

A

Psitacosis (Bird to human transmission)

85
Q

Most common cause of Atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma

86
Q

Most common cause of typical pneumonia

A

Strep. Pneumoniae

87
Q

Taiwan Acute Respiratory Syndrome

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae (Human to Human transmission only)

88
Q

Gram (-) bacilli 3 majorg groups of antigen

A

Somatic O polysacharride - Antigen H - Antigen K

89
Q

Exhibits antigenic phase variation

A

Gram (-) bacilli

90
Q

Lactose Fermenters

A

E.coli - Klebsiella - Enterobacteria - Serratia

91
Q

Non-Lactose Fermenters

A

Shigella - Salmonella - Yersinia

92
Q

Heat stable toxin is associated with

A

Yersinia spp. (increase cGMP)

93
Q

Heat labile toxin is associated with

A

Cholera (increase cAMP)

94
Q

Traveller’s diarrhea

A

ETEC (Cholera like)

95
Q

Identical to shigellosis

A

EIEC

96
Q

Persistent infant diarrhea

A

EAEC

97
Q

Infant diarrhea

A

EPEC

98
Q

Associated with shiga-like toxin

A

EHEC (with cytotoxic verotoxin) (Shiga-like toxin)

99
Q

Associated with bloody diarrhea

A

EHEC - Shigellosis - V.parahemolyticus - C.jejuni

100
Q

Rice watery diarrhea

A

Cholera

101
Q

DOC for typhoid fever

A

Chloramphenicol

102
Q

Characteristic rose spots in abdoment and chest area

A

Typhoid fever

103
Q

Most common manifestation of Salmonella typhimurium infection

A

Enterocolitis

104
Q

Friedlander’s bacillus

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

105
Q

Used in Weil-felix test

A

Proteus (for ricketssial infections = same antigen with proteus)

106
Q

Yellow colonies in TBCS

A

V. cholerae

107
Q

Green colonies in TBCS

A

V. parahemolyticus

108
Q

Blue colonies in TBCS

A

V. vulnificus

109
Q

Gram (-) bacilli from raw fish and shellfish

A

V. parahemolyticus

110
Q

Gram (-) bacilli from oysters

A

V. vulnificus

111
Q

Comma shaped bacteria

A

V. cholerae

112
Q

Drug for V. cholerae

A

Tetracyclines

113
Q

Gull wing shaped bacteria

A

Campylobacter

114
Q

Guillain Barre Syndrome

A

Campylobacter jejuni (Ascending paralysis)

115
Q

Grown in Skirrow’s Rose medium

A

Campylobacter - H.pylori

116
Q

Spiral shaped bacteria

A

H. pylori

117
Q

H.pylori contains this enzyme

A

Urease

118
Q

Triple therapy

A

Metronidazole - Bismuth subsalicylate - Amoxicillin - Tetracycline

119
Q

Associated with pyocyanin

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

120
Q

Major virulence factor of P. aeruginosa

A

Exotoxin A

121
Q

Most common complication of P. aeruginosa

A

Endocarditis

122
Q

Donovanosis

A

Calymatobacterium granulomatis

123
Q

Bubonic plague

A

Yersinia pestis

124
Q

Heat stable toxin associated Yersinia sp.

A

Y. enterocolitica

125
Q

Black death

A

Septicimic Plague

126
Q

Swollen sporandium

A

Clostridium spp.

127
Q

Positive clue cells

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

128
Q

Nagler Reaction

A

Clostridium perfringens

129
Q

Most aggressive clostridium sp.

A

C. perfringens

130
Q

Most characteristic manifestation of C.perfringens infection

A

Foul smelling discharges (with gas gangrene)

131
Q

Type A C. perfringens is associated with what toxins

A

Alpha toxin and Lecithinase C

132
Q

Clostridial septicemia is associated with

A

GI malignancy

133
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

134
Q

Drug for pseudomembranous colitis

A

Vancomycin and Metronidazole

135
Q

Tetanus manifestation

A

Sardonic smile - Opisthotonos - Spastic paralysis

136
Q

Common cause of death with Tetanus neonotorum

A

Diaphragm muscle paralysis

137
Q

Prevents docking of Ach vesicles to port

A

Botulinum toxin

138
Q

Floppy baby

A

Botulinum toxin (contaminated honey)

139
Q

From reheated rice

A

Bacillus cereus

140
Q

Eschar formation

A

Bacillus anthracis and Rickettsia

141
Q

Loeffler’s agar with Babes ernst granules

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

142
Q

Club shaped bacteria

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

143
Q

Gray colonies in blood agar

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

144
Q

Brown black colonies with halo in Tellurite

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

145
Q

ELEK test/Immunodiffusion test

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae - Listeria monocytogenes

146
Q

El Garatilo

A

Diptheria

147
Q

Associated with toxic fragment A

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

148
Q

Bullneck appearance

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

149
Q

Mueller agar - Small round colonies

A

Listeria monocytogenes

150
Q

CAMP test: Block shaped hemolysis

A

Listeria monocytogenes

151
Q

CAMP test: Arrow hemolysis

A

GABHS

152
Q

Neonatal sepsis and meningitis (street food)

A

Listeria monocytogenes

153
Q

Whale finger or Seal Finger

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

154
Q

Acid fast actinomycetes

A

Nocardia asteroides

155
Q

False mycetoma “Madura Foo”

A

Actinomadura madurae

156
Q

Nocardiosis is manifested as

A

Pneumonia like

157
Q

Umbrella motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

158
Q

Endemic syphilis

A

Bejel

159
Q

Yaws

A

T. pallidum spp pertenue

160
Q

Pinta

A

T. carateum (hypopigmented areas0

161
Q

Causes a granulomatous response

A

T. pallidum

162
Q

Condylomata lata

A

T. pallidum (Secondary syphilis)

163
Q

Primary syphilis

A

Hard chancre

164
Q

Condylomata acuminata

A

HPV

165
Q

Hutchinson’s teetch

A

Congenital syphilis

166
Q

Erythema chronicum migrans

A

B. burgdorferi

167
Q

Relapsing fever

A

B. recurrentis

168
Q

Tick fever

A

B. recurrentis

169
Q

Famine fever

A

B. recurrentis

170
Q

Screening test for non-treponemal disease

A

VDRL and Rapid plasma reagin

171
Q

Screening test for treponemal disease

A

Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption - Microhemagglutination

172
Q

Most readily culturable spirochete

A

Leptospira interrogans

173
Q

Weil’s syndrome

A

Lepstospirosis (Icteric phase)

174
Q

Acid fast staing (process)

A

Carbol fuchsin - H20 - Alcohol - Methylene blue

175
Q

M. tuberculosis virulence factors

A

Mycolic acid - Sulfatides - Trehalose dimycolate

176
Q

Cord factor

A

Trehalose dimycolate (prevent chemotaxis, fusion, digestion)

177
Q

Prevent phagosom lysosome fusion

A

Sulfatides

178
Q

Resist phagocyte digestion

A

Mycolic acid

179
Q

Caseation necrosis

A

M. tuberculosis

180
Q

Associated with GHON complex

A

M. tuberculosis

181
Q

Pott’s disease

A

M. tuberculosis (extrapulmonary)

182
Q

Wasting disease

A

Cachexia (with M.tb)

183
Q

Culture media: M tuberculosis

A

Lowenstein-Jansen Medium

184
Q

Mantoux skin test

A

M. tuberculosis

185
Q

Hansen’s disease

A

M. leprae

186
Q

Positive for lepromin

A

M. leprae (tuberculoid type) - Paucibacillary

187
Q

Negative for lepromin

A

M. leprae (non tuberculoid type) - Multibacillary

188
Q

Most common bacterial opportunistic infection in AIDS patient

A

M. avium

189
Q

Buffered charcoal yeast extract agar with alpha ketoglutarate

A

Legionella pneumophila

190
Q

Pontiac Fever

A

Legionella pneumophila

191
Q

Smallest prokaryote capable of self replication

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

192
Q

Beef heart - horse serum - nucleic acid

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

193
Q

Fried egg appearance

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

194
Q

Cause cessation of cilliary movement

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

195
Q

Vector of B. recurrentis

A

Body louse

196
Q

Endemic typhus

A

Ricketssia typhi (vector: flea)

197
Q

Epidemic typhus

A

Ricketssia prowazeki (vector: Louse)

198
Q

Brill-zinsser disease

A

Ricketssia prowazeki

199
Q

Scrub typhus

A

R. tsutsugamushi (Mite vector)

200
Q

Q-fever

A

Coxiella burnetti

201
Q

Ricketssial pox

A

R. akari

202
Q

Rocky mountain spotted fever

A

R. ricketsii

203
Q

Obligate intracellular parasite

A

Ehrlichia and Chlamydia

204
Q

Morulae

A

Ehrilichia (vector: ticks)

Module 6 (1 decks)

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