Bacteria 1A: Gram-positive Cocci- Staphylococcus, Streptococcus (Diseases) Flashcards
What is the shape of gram-positive cocci?
Circular.
Why do gram-positive cocci stain purple?
Due to the peptidoglycan cell wall.
What determines the hemolysis type in bacteria, alpha or beta?
Hemolysis testing.
Which bacteria causes severe disease and is associated with enterocaucus?
Enterocaucus.
What does catalase do in bacteria?
It breaks down peroxide, allowing bacteria to escape the immune system.
How are staphylococcus and streptococcus linked together structurally?
Staphylococcus is clustered, while Streptococcus is chained.
Where is the vector for Staphylococcus mainly located?
In the skin/nose.
What does MRSA stand for, and what does it mean for Staphylococcus?
MRSA stands for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, indicating resistance to many antibiotics.
Name diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
Endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, impetigo, scalding skin syndrome, osteomyelitis, tracheitis, cellulitis, pneumonia.
What is the common demographic for S. epidermidis causing endocarditis?
IV drug users.
Which Staphylococcus affects the urogenital tract more and has a higher potential for UTIs in women?
S. saprophyticus.
. What does S. saprophyticus produce that can lead to stone formation in the kidney?
Urease, resulting in struvite stone precipitation.
What skin infection is associated with Streptococcus pyogenes?
Impetigo.
What disease is caused by Group A Streptococcus and results in mitral stenosis?
Rheumatic heart disease.
What hypersensitivity reaction causes kidney disease in Streptococcus pyogenes infections?
Type 3 hypersensitivity reaction.
