Bacteria

Question 1

Who discovered bacteria?

Answer 1

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek using his single lens microscope

Question 2

Who called bacteria animalcules?

Answer 2

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 3

Who introduced name bacterium?

Answer 3

Ehrenberg

Question 4

Who proposed kingdom protista?

Answer 4

John hog

Question 5

Who made separate group Monera for prokaryotes within protista?

Answer 5

Ernst haeckel

Question 6

Who elevated status of Monera to kingdom level?

Answer 6

Herbert Copland

Question 7

Who introduced five kingdom classification?

Answer 7

Robert h Whitaker

Question 8

Who modified five kingdom classification?

Answer 8

Lynn margulis and schwartz

Question 9

Define phylogeny?

Answer 9

The evolutionary relatedness among various group of organisms is called phylogeny

Question 10

Why rRNA are called molecular clocks?

Answer 10

Because rRNA help in construction of phylogeny

Question 11

What are the two main domains of prokaryotic life?

Answer 11

Prokaryotic life is divided into two separate domains
~eubacteria(true bacteria)
~archeabacteria(ancient bacteria)

Question 12

What is composition of cell wall of archaebacteria?

Answer 12

There is no peptidoglycan .Mainly composed of polysaccharide or protein.in some there is no cell wall

Question 13

What do you know about cell membrane of archaebacteria?

Answer 13

Cell membrane of archea contain unusual lipids that help them to function at high temperature (120°c)
Lipids contain glycerol linked to branched chain hydrocarbons

Question 14

Diff between lipid of eubacteria and archaebacteria?

Answer 14

Lipid of archea consist of glycerol attached to branched chain hydrocarbon while lipid of eubacteria consist of glycerol attached to fatty acids

Question 15

Which metabolism is performed exclusively by archea?

Answer 15

Methanogenesis=ability to form methane

Question 16

Write any 5 diff b/w eubacteria and archaebacteria?

Answer 16

1.The rRNA sequence of archea match to eukaryots while that of bacteria match to eubacteria.
2.introns are absent in true bacteria while present in archea
3.The membrane lipids of archea contain branched carbon chain while that of eubacteria contain unbranched carbon chain
4.peptidoglycan is absent in archea
5.RNA polymerase of archea is complex similar to eukaryots

Question 17

Write three types of archea?

Answer 17

Methanogens~found in anaerobic environment
Halophiles~found in extreme salty environment
Thermo acidophiles ~fiund in extremely hot environment

Question 18

What is mode of nutrition in archea?

Answer 18

Archea are autotrophs but they do not perform photosynthesis they prepare food by sunlight,by inorganic and organic compounds

Question 19

Name one photosynthetic bacteria?

Answer 19

Cyanobacteria

Question 20

What is type of cell wall of cyanobacteria?

Answer 20

Gram negative type cell wall

Question 21

Who was introduced oxygen in primitive environment?

Answer 21

Cyanobacteria

Question 22

How cyanobacteria performs photosynthesis?

Answer 22

Photosynthesis occur in thylakoids .
On thylakoids chl a and phycocyannnin (blue phycobilin-an accessory pigment) are also present.
They use carbon dioxide as a source of carbon,water as a source of hydrogen and both photosystems( non cyclic phosphorylation)

Question 23

Do cyanobacteria can fix nitrogen?

Answer 23

About 1/3 rd of cyanobacteria are able to fix nitrogen

Question 24

Give 2 examples of cyanobacteria?

Answer 24

Nostoc and Anabaena