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EPI - topics > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q
  1. General characteristics of diseases caused by clostridia, grouping of the diseases.
A

Gas gangrene - histotoxic clostridia :

  • Malignant odema - c.septicum
  • Blackleg - c.chauvoei
  • Bradsot - C.septicum
  • Koves - C.septicum
  • Infectious necrotic hepatitis - Cl.novyi
  • haemoglobinuria -Cl.haemolyticum.

Enteral and enterotoxaemic diseases:

(cl. Perfringes)
- Lamb dysentery B (beta toxin)
- struck C (alpha, beta toxin)
- Necrotic enteritis of piglets C (alpha, beta toxin)
- Enterotoxaemia of goats and sheep - D (alpha, E toxin)
- necrotic enteritis - A,C
- Ulcerative enteritis of chicken - cl.colinum

Intoxication

  • botulism
  • tetanus
Other:
Tyzzer - cl.piliforme (IC)
Gangrenous dermatitis of poultry 
-Cl.septicum 
-Cl.perfringens A
-S.aureus
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2
Q
  1. Malignant oedema.
A

Gas gangrene - histotoxic clostridia

c. septicum, but also histolyticum, novyi and sordelli.
- Goes into wounds –> muscles
- no AB, but vax
- everyone can get it

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3
Q
  1. Blackleg.
A

Gas gangrene - histotoxic clostridia
-c.chauvoei
-cattle - po
sheep - wound

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4
Q
  1. Bradsot of sheep and Köves-disease of swine.
A

Gas gangrene - histotoxic clostridia
C.septicum

Brad og Koves er bestevenner, de kan ikke separeres
Brad spiser kalde ting
koves har en underliggende sykdom

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5
Q
  1. Infectious necrotic hepatitis, bacillary haemoglobinuria caused by Clostridium haemolyticum.
A

Gas gangrene - histotoxic clostridia
-Infectious necrotic hepatitis - Cl.novyi

  • Black disease (flukes)
  • Red water disease
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6
Q
  1. Lamb dysentery and struck.
A

Enteral and enterotoxaemic diseases: (cl.Perfringes)

  • Lamb dysentery B (beta toxin) -baby,SI
  • struck C (alpha, beta toxin) - eating to much prot,ch
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7
Q
  1. Necrotic enteritis of piglets.
A

Enteral and enterotoxaemic diseases: (cl.Perfringes)

  • Necrotic enteritis of piglets C (alpha, beta toxin)
  • si, baby
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8
Q
  1. Enterotoxaemia of sheep and goats.
A

Enteral and enterotoxaemic diseases: (cl.Perfringes)

  • Enteral and enterotoxaemic diseases - D (alpha, E toxin)
  • pulpy kidney disease - only mama, eats too much starch
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9
Q
  1. Necrotic enteritis and ulcerative enteritis of chicken.
A

Enteral and enterotoxaemic diseases: (cl.Perfringes)

necrotic enteritis - A,C

Ulcerative enteritis of chicken - cl.colinum

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10
Q
  1. Tyzzer disease and gangrenous dermatitis of poultry.
A

Tyzzer - cl.piliforme (IC)
-hem, myocarditis, hepatitis

Gangrenous dermatitis of poultry

  • Cl.septicum
  • Cl.perfringens A
  • S.aureus
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11
Q
  1. Streptococcosis of swine.
A

S.suis - organs
S.porcinus - legs
s.dysgalactica -legs

piglets after weaning

  • local: abscess, swollen joints
  • abortion
  • cns, endocarditis, anaemia
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12
Q
  1. Strangles.
A

streptoccous equii

abscess in horse LN

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13
Q
  1. Diseases of farm animals caused by staphylococci (rabbit, swine, poultry).
A 
Morels disease (?) - s.sureus subsp.anaerobius 
-sheep, slow, chronic, abscess in lin, sc, organs +-

Rabbit

  • st.aureus
  • overcrowd, young, suckling, abscess, derm ,metritis,resp

poultry

  • s.aureus (epidermidis, hyicus)
  • formd: SAD, septic, arthritis, derm

Greasy dig disease/exudative dermatitis
- s.hyicus

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14
Q
  1. Listeriosis (Zoon.).
A

L.monocytogenes- ani and hum
L.ivanovi - only ru

septicaemia, abortion, CNS

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15
Q
  1. Diseases of farm animals caused by corynebacteria.
A

Caseous lymphadenitis of sheep and goat- c.pseudotuberculosis

Ulcerative lymph. of horse - c.pseudotuberculosis

Bovine pyelonephritis - c.renale

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16
Q
  1. Actinomycoses, nocardioses.
A

A.bovis - lumpy jaw
Actinomyces hordeovulneris - dog
A.israelii - human

N.astroides - dog, cattle, human
-pyothorax, pericarditis, wound pyogranuloma

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17
Q
  1. Diseases caused by Rhodococcus equi and dermatophilosis.
A

R.equii

  • foal 1-4m
  • pneumonia, granulomatous ulcerative enterocolitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, arthritis

D.congolense - strawberry foot, only skin, z00!

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18
Q
  1. Characterisation of chlamydiae, bovine chlamydioses (Zoon.).
A

C.abortus
C.pecorum

-lung,fetal,lung,joints

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19
Q
  1. Chlamydial diseases of sheep (Zoon.).
A

c. abortus
- abort,stillborn or healthy w resp signs and week
- vax,ab

c. pecorum
- arthritis, conj,enteritis, pneum

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20
Q
  1. Avian chlamydiosis (Zoon.).
A

c. psittaci
- turkey and ducks
- mild to death

  • anorexia, apathy, egg drop, diarrhea, ocular,resp
  • encehpalitis, pericard, periheo
  • no vax , long treat
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21
Q
  1. Diseases of ruminants caused by campylobacters.
A

Bovine genital campylobacteriosis -

  • c.fetus subsp. veneralis
  • veneral, in semen, abort

Abortion of sheep and goats

  • C.fetus subsp fetus
  • ascending or po
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22
Q
  1. Diseases of birds, dogs and cats caused by campylobacters (Zoon.).
A

Spotty liver disease - c. hepatitis

  • hens, bad hygiene, egg drop
  • yopi

c. jejuni, c.coli
- from ani products
- yopi
- all in out
- si , diarrhea, nausea, fever

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23
Q
  1. Glanders and melioidosis (Zoon.).
A

Glanders:

  • burkholderia mallei
  • horse, donkey, cat
  • po, air - everything
  • sigaret bumps,
  • ln –> sep to skin, nose, lungs , granuloma
  • detect in eye, stamp out
  • vet and farms - zoo

Melioidosis

  • burkholderia pseudomallei
  • soil, water
  • abscess in brain and organs
  • acute - gen, chronic - cns
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24
Q
  1. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis of cattle. (pinkeye, infectious opthalmia)
A

moraxella bovis ‘

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25
Q
  1. Necrobacillosis and panaritium of ruminants.
A

Fusobacterium necrophorum:

  • necrotic conditions - mouth, fever, edema, liver
  • calf dysentery

Panaritum = foot rot
- dicelobacter nodusus

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26
Q
  1. Yersinioses: rodentiosis and diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica (Zoon.).
A

Rodentiosis = pseudotub (abscesses in organs)

  • y.pseudotuberculosis
  • foodborn, rodents, hare, bird, mammals
  • sep, arthritis, enteric,nec,hem, gen signs, die
  • weak, abort, mast, anorexia, arthritis

Diseases caused by y.enterocolitica

  • from swine products
  • enteritis, pain, focal nec, fever, abort, die

in humans like appendici, cold

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27
Q
  1. Respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle.
A

Shipping fever

  • P.multicida
  • mannheimia haemolytica
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28
Q
  1. Haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle.
A

P.multicida B,E

  • Pneumonia + endotoxaemia
  • buffalo after monsoon
  • haem diarrhea, fib pneumonia –> death
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29
Q
  1. Pasteurellosis of sheep and goats.
A

P.multicid A(D)
with M.haemolytica and biebersteina

resp, brain, liver, arthritis, mastitis
-acute systemic pasteurellosis = death

30
Q
  1. Pasteurellosis of swine and rabbits.
A

Swine:

  • Acute hem, septicaemia -blue edema neck
  • Pneumonia by pasteurella (p.multi A)

Rabbit:

  • Snuffles
  • p.multicida A (d,f)
31
Q
  1. Atrophic rhinitis of swine.
A

bordatella bronchoseptica + p.multicida

32
Q
  1. Fowl cholera.
A

p. multicida A,D,F - turkey, duck, goose
- high (cholera) and low (chronic) virulence

  • hem diar, upper resp, dermonecrosis
  • can reach 100% death
33
Q
  1. Anatipestifer disease and disease caused by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale.
A
  • Riemerella antipestifer
  • duke
  • septicaemia, hem!, coagulopathy, encephalitis, death
  • acute or chronic

Ornithobacteria. rhinotracheale

  • ORT
  • no vax and AB resi
  • upper resp, inflam, edema
  • peracute, acute, chronic
34
Q
  1. Actinobacillosis of horses.
A

A.equuli (remeber kidney bacteria)
- sleepy foal

pyoseptica - draught horse
-hem kidney, abortion, tired

35
Q
  1. Actinobacilloses of ruminants.
A

Wooden tongue!
A.lignieresii
-pyogranulomatosis
- abscess in tongue and ln - can spread

36
Q
  1. Porcine polyserositis (Glässer’s disease).
A
  • Haemophilus parasuis
  • polyserositis, polyartheritis
  • serous membrane
  • fibrinous exudate
  • lame, meningitis
37
Q
  1. Infectious coryza of poultry.
A

avibacterium paragallinarium

  • only hens
  • conjuncitivitis , sinusitis, eye edema, nasal
  • edema, resp
  • egg prod down
38
Q
  1. Diseases of cattle and sheep caused by Histophilus somni.
A
  • sudden death of cattle in cold north-america
  • predisp
  • present in mm

-inflam, thombi, necrosis, vasculitis, cnd, fetus

39
Q
  1. Contagious equine metritis.
A

Taylorella equigenitalis

40
Q
  1. Diseases caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica, avian bordetellosis, bartonelloses.
A

Bordetella bronchiseptica:

  • Swine - atrophic rhinitis
  • Dog - kennel cough
  • Cat - smeezing disease

Avian bordetellosis:

  • upper resp in turkey - cartilage damage- osteotoxin
  • Turkey coryza

Bartonelloses:

  • humans can get it
  • RBC, artropods
  • b.bovis - endocard, b.vinsonii - lymphad,endo
  • b.henselae - scratch humans
41
Q
  1. General characterisation and epidemiology of brucellae (Zoon.). Swine brucellosis (Zoon.).
A

B.suis

  • SEMEN, milk, transport, everything
  • Abortion storm, sept
  • no treat
42
Q
  1. Disease of sheep caused by Brucella ovis.
A

B.ovis

  • dec fert, shed in semen, ascending
  • everything repro
  • eradication
43
Q
  1. Brucellosis of sheep and goats caused by Brucella melitensis, canine brucellosis.
A 
B.melitensis - same as bovine 
B.canis 
- dogs , oronasal, all mm, infertility in male 
- abort, repro fail
-risk for owner
-no vax
44
Q
  1. Proliferative enteropathies of swine.
A

Lawsomnia intracellularis

  1. intestinal adenomatosis
  2. necrotic enteritis
  3. regional ileitis
  4. proliferative haem. enteropathy
45
Q
  1. Salmonella diseases of swine.
A

Swine typhoid - S.typhisuis

  • stamping out!
  • in grower, yellow diarrhea, crater (ulcer), big lumps
  • bacteriaemia - liver, spleen, liver

Typhocolitis
- same age, large int, yellow diarrhea + blood

Swine paratyphoid - s.cholerasuis, s.thyphimurium

  • acute, 2-5m
  • predisp, small int, fever, pneumonia, arthritis
  • hem in ln and spleen enlarged
  • diarrhea yellow watery

Asymptomatic

  • s.typhimuriums , s.derby
  • from drinking water
  • gut, but with stress into blood and muscles - zoonotic!
46
Q
  1. Salmonellosis of cattle.
A
  • s.typhimuriums, s.newport, s.enteridis
  • young
  • transport, mixing
  • per os (rats, birds)
  • acute (gastro) or chronic (arth,abort,bursi,mast)
47
Q
  1. Salmonellosis of small ruminants and horses.
A

Small ru - s.typhimurium, s.enteridis
-2 form; gen with fever or abortion (s.abortusovis)

Horses:
-2forms: enteric, foal sept (typ)or abortion (s.abortus equi)

48
Q
  1. Fowl typhoid.
A

S.enterica gallinarum, s.enterica pollorum
- obligate pathogen, notifiable some places

  • hor and vert
  • red mites and birds, rodents
  • pinguin pose
  • everything
49
Q
  1. Fowl paratyphoid (Zoon.).
A

s. enterica enteritis
- faecal contamination in food
- wing arthritis, sept, germ, vert
- similar to fowl typhoid
- inflam necrotic foci in organs

50
Q
  1. General characteristics of diseases caused by Escherichia coli.
A
  • enteropathogenic or attaching/effacing (EPEC or AEEC)
  • enterotoxigenic strains (ETEC)
  • verotoxigenic strains (VTEC, STEC) (VT1, VT2, VT2e)
  • necrotoxic (cytotoxic necrotic factor producing: CNF1, CNF2) strains (NTEC),
  • enteroinvasive strains (EIEC) (they can enter into mucous membranes of large intestine, cause necrosis, diarrhoea)
  • enteroadhesive-aggregative strains (EAEC)
  • enterohaemorrhagic strains (EHEC) (O157-H7)
  • diffusely adherent strains (DAEC)
  • septicaemic strains (SEPEC)
  • uropathogenic strains (UPEC)
  • avian pathogenic strains (APEC)
Enteric diseases 
o	calves (ETEC, VTEC) 
o	piglets (ETEC, VTEC, EPEC) 
o	rabbits (EPEC) 
o	dogs, cats (ETEC, VTEC, EPEC) 
Septicemic diseases 
o	calves (pigs) 
o	poultry (turkey, chicken, duck)

Urinary tract infection
o pigs, dog

Mastitis
o Cows
o pigs

51
Q
  1. Diseases of cattle caused by Escherichia coli.
A
  1. Coli septicaemia of calves
    - ETEC, 4day old, hem,pericard, perihep, navel, die
  2. Coli diarrhoea of calves
    - ETEC, toxin,winter,9-10d, watery diarrhea, vax
  3. Calf dysentery
    - VTEC, 2-3w, damage microvili, hem diarrhea
  4. Mastitis in cattle
52
Q
  1. Diarrhoeal diseases of swine caused by Escherichia coli.
A

Newborn:
- ETEC, yellow diarrhea, dehyd, vax

Weaned:
- ETEC, purple skin, when change feed, watery smelly

53
Q
  1. Oedema disease of swine.
A

E.coli, VTEC

  • 2w after weaning, when change feed, need more firbre..
  • microangiopathy, si, edema everywhere, 36h die
54
Q
  1. Escherichia coli diseases in poultry.
A

day-old:
- APEC, inhal, air sacculitis, navel, sept, endotox, diarrhea death

Growers, adults:
- often 2nd, sept, dyspnoe, pericard, perihep, airsac, arthritis, cellulitis in wounds, germ inf

Human:

  • baby sepsis
  • travellers
55
Q
  1. General characterisation and grouping of spirochaetes, avian borreliosis.
A

genera:

  • borrelia
  • brachyspira
  • treponera
  • leptospira
  • spirillum

Avian borreliosis: B.anserina

  • ticks in warm climate
  • -fev,ano, somnolence, spams, paralysis
  • focal inflam,nec on liver, diarrhea, enteritis
56
Q
  1. Lyme borreliosis (Zoon.) and rabbit syphilis.
A

lyme - b.burgdorferi, ticks

rabbit syphils - treponera cuniculi
- sexual or milk, mm of geni, hyperaemia, edema in face and cns.

57
Q
  1. Swine dysentery, intestinal spirochaetosis of swine and birds.
A

Swine dysentery - brachyspira hyodysenteriae

Interstinal spirochaetosis of swine

  • b. pilosocoli
  • large int, milder, mucoid gray

Avian intestinal spirochaetosis

  • b.pilosicoli
  • watery, blood, diarrhea, fibrinous necrotic inflam
  • nephorpathy, arth, egg drop
58
Q
  1. Epidemiology of leptospira infections (Zoon.), leptospirosis of horses and dogs.
A

horse: leptospira pomona
- janudice, diarrhea, renal failure abortion, mening, avoid pastures, rodents, swine

Dog: L.canicola , L.icterohaemor
- chronic nephritis, vomit, diarr, foul smell, anorex, shed in urine, meningitis

59
Q
  1. Leptospira diseases of cattle.
A

L.pomona

  • pasture, rainy wet, rodents
  • drills into mm, liver, kidney, spleen, cns, fetus, calves, mast
60
Q
  1. Leptospirosis swine.
A

L.pomona
- mainatined by pigs, asymp if not preg - abort
-patho - anaemia, janudice, liver spleen big, reddish fluid
treat all preg, vax

61
Q
  1. General characterisation of mycoplasmas, mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma bovis.
A
  • hides from immune system
  • haemotrop - anaemia

M.bovis

  • young , pneumonia, septicaemia, arthriid mastitis, abortion
    MAPKS
62
Q
  1. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.
A

m. mycoides
- notifiabel
- high fever! MAPKS
- marble, fib ,pleu, yellow fluid
- increased rr and bp
- 70% die

63
Q
  1. Mycoplasma diseases of small ruminants.
A

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

  • m.caprinepneumoniae
  • lungs, pleur, yellow, vax

Cont. agalactica of sheep and goat
M.agalactica
- MAPKS

64
Q
  1. Chronic respiratory disease of poultry (mycoplasmosis), infectious synovitis.
A

M.synoviae

  • rsp, exudative tenditis, synovitis, chicken, turkey
  • vert + hort

m. galliseptum
- turkey, hort + vert
- chronic resp disease
- sinusitis, egg and growth down

65
Q
  1. Mycoplasma diseases of turkey.
A

M.meleagridis

  • if only in resp only horizontal
  • airsacc, poor growth, turkey syndrom, dec hatch

Mycoplasma iowae

  • late embryo mort, red hatch
  • lives in alimentary tract
  • strange legs, difficult to treat
66
Q
  1. Diseases of pigs and sheep caused by haemotropic mycoplasmae.
A

Eperythrozoonosis suir
- attach to rbc - jaundice, anaemia

Eperythrozoono ovis
- ticks, mosq, blood stream , anaemia, ajudice, fever, hem, weight loss, edema, hem in big organs

67
Q
  1. Diseases of cats and dogs caused by haemotropic mycoplasmae.
A

no cell wall, allatch to rbc, anaemia, janudice and immune sup with big orgens

Cats - m.haemofelis - flea often 2nd (fiv, felv)
Dogs - m haemocanis - tick (often 2nd distemper)

68
Q
  1. Mycoplasma diseases of swine
A

Enzootic pneumonia

  • M.hyopneumonia
  • only swine, aerosol or direct
  • immunosup, lungs only, vax

M.hyosynoviae - normal, arthritis, bursitis
M.hyorhnis - art, conj

69
Q
  1. Q-fever (Zoon.).
A

Coxiellosis

  • po,air, bioterror
  • parturient cow, ticks, rodenst, fetus, dog eats, alle products
  • IC, hides –> blood sept to all organs: gen signs, lymph, lung, liver, uterus, udder,
  • vax, humans abort
70
Q
  1. General characterisation of rickettsiae, heartwater.
A

Rickettsia, ic in ticks in warm places, septicaemia, vasculitis, hemorrhages, thrombosis, rash

Heartwater:

  • ru
  • ticks in africa
  • sept –> edema, vasculitis, circulation, collapse, long immunity
  • cns, spasm, odema, hydri peri, odema everywhere!
71
Q
  1. Canine ehrlichiosis, disease of horses and cattle caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Potomac horse fever.
A

canine monocyte erlichiosis

  • warm climate, noti before
  • ic, feer, brown dog tick, carry for 2y
  • cns, edema, anaemia, bm damage, immunosup, vasculitis

A.phagocytophilum

  • small rodents, ticks
  • tick born fever in eq - pasture fever, imm, abort
  • eq granulomatous anaplasmosis - fever, atax, edema, janudice
  • canine thrombocyte/granulomatosis anaplasmosis

Potomac:
- E.risticis
- monocytes, flukes, flies, faeces
, fever, abort, colitis, water gut content

72
Q
  1. Bovine anaplasmosis.
A

Ic in rbc, fever anaemia, jaudice, anorexia

  • hypoxia since rbc –> up bp,rr and abortion
  • edema, splenomegaly, ln, gall sickness
  • Ticks

EPI - topics (4 decks)

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