Bacteria Flashcards
Are bacteria unicellular or acellular?
Unicellular
Is bacteria Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Are bacteria pathogenic?
Some are pathogenic
Are bacteria heterotrophic or autotrophic?
Most are heterotrotropic
Some are autotrophic
List and explain the 3 ways bacteria can be classified
Bacteria are classified by the way they obtain energy
- Photosynthetic: radiant energy from the sun
- Chemosynthetic: energy from breakdown of chemicals compounds
- Heterotrophic: feed on organic matter to release energy
3 types of heterotrophic bacteria
- Saprophytic: feed off dead plants/animals
- Parasytic: feed off other living organisms
- Mutualistic: form a relationship with another organism and both benefit from each other
Does bacteria have DNA or RNA
DNA
List the 4 shapes of bacteria
1- coccus (round)
2- bacillus (rod)
3- spirilluim (spiral)
4- vibrio (comma)
What is flagella?
A whip-like cellular outgrowth which facilitates movement
What is pili?
A hair-like structure used to attach onto cells or join onto other bacteria
What is the main disease caused by bacteria?
And what is the bacterium that causes it?
Tuberculosis (TB)
Caused by bacterium >Myobacterium tuberculosis
What does this Myobacterium do ?
It usually attacks and destroys the lung tissue
Symptoms of TB
- fever
- sweating at night
- loss of appetite
- weight loss
- chest pains
- cough that’s last more than 2 weeks
- coughing blood stained sputum(phlegm)
List and explain the 3 tests to confirm TB
1- X-rays of the lungs: visible patches of destroyed lung tissue
2- Tb skin tests: chemical tuberculin injected under skin, lump or rash= TB+
3- Tissue culture: phlegm sample examined in lab under microscope for presence of TB
What is the treatment for TB?
Course of antibiotics for usually a period of 6 months…if not taken strictly everyday for period then TB bacteria could become resistant to drugs taken
