BACTE LEC

Question 1

entrance and
multiplication of a
microorganism in or on a host

Answer 1

INFECTION

Question 2

an infection w/ functional and structural harm to the host that is usually accompanied
by signs and symptoms

Answer 2

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Question 3

presence and multiplication of new

microorganisms that may cause an infectious disease or eliminated by host defenses

Answer 3

COLONIZATION

Question 4

a microbe capable of

causing a disease

Answer 4

PATHOgen

Question 5

study of the structural and functional manifestations of a disease

Answer 5

PATHOlogy

Question 6

a physician specializing in

pathology

Answer 6

PATHOlogist

Question 7

the ability to cause a

disease by overcoming host’s defenses

Answer 7

PATHOgenicity

Question 8

steps or mechanisms

involved in the development of a disease; disease process

Answer 8

PATHOgenesis

Question 9

degree of pathogenicity

Answer 9

Virulence

Question 10

study of the cause/s of disease

Answer 10

Etiology

Question 11

environment or place of

origin of the infecting agent

Answer 11

Reservoir

Question 12

*Quantitative measure of pathogenicity
*Measured by the number of organisms required to
cause disease

Answer 12

VIRULENCE

Question 13

number of
organisms needed to kill half of the
hosts/population.

Answer 13

50% of lethal dose (LD50)

Question 14

number of organisms needed to cause infection in half the hosts/population.

• ID of Shigella is less than 100
• ID of Salmonella is about 100,000

Answer 14

50% of infectious dose (ID50)

Question 15

*Acquired in the HOSPITAL or other health care settings
*Causative agent is not present and not incubating in the patient on entry or admission into the health care facility
Ex.
UTIs, Surgical wound
infections LR infections,
bacteremia

Answer 15

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

Question 16

Causative agent is present or incubating at the time of admission into the health care facility

Answer 16

COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED

INFECTION

Question 17

Results from organisms
that are part of the
patient’s normal flora

Answer 17

ENDOGENOUS INFECTION

Question 18

Results from organisms

from external sources

Answer 18

EXOGENOUS INFECTION

Question 19

microorganisms (bacteria, parasites, viruses, fungi, PRIONS) capable of causing an infectious disease

Answer 19

PATHOGENS

Question 20

has the ability to infect a
host w/ a healthy immune
system as well as those
in immunosuppressed
state

Answer 20

TRUE PATHOGEN

Question 21

attacks a debilitated host but presents no danger to a healthy individual

Answer 21

OPPORTUNISTIC

PATHOGEN