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BACTE Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Caused by Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 (TSST-1)

A

S. aureus

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2
Q

Associated with tampon use

A

TSST-1

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3
Q

Clinically associated with mayonnaise in potato or egg salad

A

Staphylococcal food poisoning

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4
Q

Caused by S.aureus exfoliative toxin or exfoliatin

A

Scalded Skin Syndrome

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5
Q

Characterized by honey-crusted lesions

A

Impetigo

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6
Q

Variant of impetigo with bullae

A

Bullous impetigo

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7
Q

Common cause of osteomyelitis

A

S. Aureus

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8
Q

Causes of osteomyelitis
Child
Sickle cell patient
TB patient
Diabetic
Bedbound patients

A

S. Aureus
Salmonella
Pott’s disease
Polymicrobial from foot ulcer
Polymicrobial from pressure sores

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9
Q

Binds IgG Fc; used in coagglutination tests

A

Protein A

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10
Q

2 types of coagulase

A

Cell bound/clumping factor
Unbound/free coagulase

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11
Q

Hyaluronidase is also known as

A

Spreading factor

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12
Q

TSST-1 is formerly known as

A

Enterotoxin F

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13
Q

Enzymes and toxins produced by S. Aureus

A

Protein A
Catalase
Coagulase
Hyaluronidase
Staphylokinase
TSST-1

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14
Q

Key characteristics of streptococcus

A
  • may be seen in pairs or chains
  • Non pigmented
  • facultative anaerobes
  • hemolytic
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15
Q

HEMOLYSINS
Streptolysin O

A

Oxygen-labile, antigenic

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16
Q

HEMOLYSINS
Streptolysin S

A

Oxygen-stable

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17
Q

Skin reaction to erythrogenic toxin
sandpaper skin
Strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever

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18
Q

Flesh eating disease

A

Necrotizing fasciitis

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19
Q

Follows group A strep pharyngitis infection

A

Rheumatic fever

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20
Q

Nephritic syndrome 2-3 weeks after GAS infection

A

Glomerulonephritis

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21
Q

Indicate recent S. Pyogenes infection

A

ASO titer and anti-DNase B antibodies

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22
Q

susceptibility test for scarlet fever

(+) Redness or erythema

A

Dick’s test

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23
Q

diagnostic test for scarlet fever
(+) Blanching phenomenon

A

Schultz-Charlton Reaction

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24
Q

Group B beta hemolytic streptococci

A

Bacitracin resistant
Bile esculin (-)
PYR (-)
CAMP (+)
Hippurate hydrolysis (+)

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25
Q

Major pathogen of newborn

A

Group B

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26
Q

Lancet-shaped encapsulated diplococci

Produces IgA protease

Associated with lobar pneumonia - rusty sputum

Alpha-hemolytic, mucoid colonies with flattened/depressed centers

A

S. Pneumoniae

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27
Q

Principal virulence factor of S. Pneumoniae

A

Antiphagocytic capsular polysaccharide

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28
Q

Oropharyngeal commensals

A

Viridans streptococci

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29
Q

Bile esculin (+)

Growth in 6.5% NaCl (+)

A

Enterococci

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30
Q

Important cause of nosocomial infection

A

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci

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31
Q

Strongly associated with colon cancer

A

Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus

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32
Q

Characteristic of Bacillus spp.

A

Aerobic, gram (+) spore forming rods
Catalase (+)
Most (not all) motile

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33
Q

The only true pathogenic bacteria

A

B. Anthracis

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34
Q

Disease associated with B. Anthracis

A

Anthrax

Cutaneous anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
Inhalation anthrax (Woolsorter’s disease)

35
Q

Virulence factors of B. Anthracis

A

Poly D glutamic acid capsule
Anthrax toxin (Edema and Lethal toxin)

36
Q

Bamboo pole arrangement from culture

String of pearls test (+)

Medusa head colonies on BAP

Non motile, non hemolytic on SBAP

A

B. Anthracis

37
Q

Cause food poisoning

Fried rice

A

B. Cereus

38
Q

What organism produces swarming motility aside from Proteus?

A

B. Cereus

39
Q

Other name for Corynebacterium diphtheria

A

Diphtheria bacillus

Kleb loeffler’s bacillus

40
Q

Nitrate reduction (+)
Urease (-)
Catalase (+)
Glucose and maltose fermented
Sucrose not fermented
Non motile

A

C. Diphtheriae

41
Q

Palisades (picket fence)
Chinese letters (snapping)
Metachromatic granules (Babes ernst granules)

A

C. Diphtheriae

42
Q

Special culture for C. Diphtheriae

A

Loeffler’s or Tinsdale (tellurite plate)

43
Q

(+) poached egg colonies

A

C. Diphtheriae

44
Q

Skin test for C. Diphtheriae susceptibility

A

Schick’s test

45
Q

In vitro virulence test for C. Diphtheriae

Diphtheriae antitoxin is used

A

Elek test

46
Q

Normal flora of human nasopharynx

A

C. Pseudodiphthericum

47
Q

Other name for C.pseudodiptheriticum

A

Hoffman’s bacillus

48
Q

Common cause of diphtheroid prosthetic heart valve endocarditis

A

C. Jeikeium

49
Q

Urease (+)
UTI in immunocompromised patients
Produces alkaline urine and crystal formation

A

C. Urealyticum

50
Q

Tumbling motility
Salicin (+)
CAMP (+) - shovel
Catalase (+)
Hippurate hydrolysis (+)

A

L. Monocytogenes

51
Q

Umbrella shaped pattern

A

L. Monocytogenes

52
Q

Virulence test for L. Monocytogenes

A

Anton test

53
Q

Non motile
Salicin (-)

A

Corynebacterium

54
Q

H2S (+)
Test tube brush on motility medium
Causes erysipeloid (seal finger and whale finger)

A

E. Rhusiopathiae

55
Q

Stains for mycobacterium

A

Acid fast stain
Auramine-rhodamine fluorescent stain (Truant)

56
Q

Kinds of digestant

A

N-acetyl-L-cysteine-NaOH
2-4% NaOH

57
Q

Culture media for mycobacterium

A

Lowenstein-Jensen
Middlebrook 7H10 or 7H11 agar

58
Q

Best test for M. tuberculosis

A

Niacin test

59
Q

Growth on MAC
(+) Arylsulfatase test

A

M.fortuitum

60
Q

Rough, wrinkled, dry, elevated, buff colored

Cauliflower like

Niacin (+)

A

M. Tuberculosis

61
Q

M. Tuberculosis is easily killed by

A

Moist heat
Boiling
Pasteurization
Autoclaving

62
Q

Associated with Buruli ulcers

Niacin (-), nitrate reduction, Tween 80

A

M. Ulcerans

63
Q

Photochromogens

A

M. Marinum
M asiaticum
M. Simiae
M. Kansasii

64
Q

Scotochromogens

A

M. Scrofulaceum
M. Szulgai
M. Gordonae (tap water scotochromogens)
M. Flavescens

65
Q

Non-photochromogens

A

M. Avium intracellulare
M. Malmoense
M. Haemophilum
M. Terrae-trivale
M. Xenopi

66
Q

Rapid growers

A

M. Phlei
M. Smegmatis
M. Fortuitum-chelonae complex

67
Q

Most common cause of Non TB mycobacterial infection

Causes disseminated disease in HIV/AIDS

A

M. Avium complex

68
Q

Hansen’s bacillus

A

M. Leprae

69
Q

Skin test for leprosy

A

Lepromin test

70
Q

(+) granuloma

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

71
Q

(-) granuloma

A

Lepromatous leprosy

72
Q

Early or Fernandez rxn

A

24-48 weeks

73
Q

Late or mitsuda rxn

A

3-4 weeks

74
Q

Thin branching and beaded modified acid fast positive rods

A

Nocardia

75
Q

Gram negative
Coffee bean shaped diplococci
Fastidious
Aerobic and capnophilic
Oxidase and Lactose (+)

A

Neisseria

76
Q

Associated with gonnococcal ophthalmia neonatorum

Prophylaxis is 1% silver nitrate, tetracycline or erythromycin ointment

A

N. Gonorrhea

77
Q

Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome
- adrenal gland necrosis

A

N. Meningitis

78
Q

Patients with C5-C9 deficiency

A

N. Meningitidis

79
Q

Oxidase (presumptive identification)

A

1% tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride

ALL NEISSERIA (and Aeromonas, Moraxella, and most Pseudomonas) are OXIDASE POSITIVE

80
Q

Superoxol test (+)

A

N. Gonorrheae

81
Q

DNase test (+)

A

M. Catarrhalis

82
Q

If culture is still positive after patient is treated with penicillin, test isolate for beta lactamase

Some strains are resistant to penicilin because they produce penicillinase

A

Penicillinase producint N. Gonorrheae

83
Q

CTA negative for all tubes
DNase (+)
Produces butyrate esterase

A

M. Catarrhalis

MICROBIOLOGY (1 decks)

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