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Bact Final > Bact Final > Flashcards

Bact Final Flashcards

0
Q

What 3 diseases that we have discussed are caused by Bordetella?

A

1) Canine Infectious Rhinotracheitis
2) Atrophic Rhinitis
3) Turkey Coryza

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1
Q

What are the 5 toxins of Bordetella?

A

1) Tracheal cytotoxin
2) Dermonecrotic toxin
3) Adenylyl cyclase toxin
4) Pertussis toxin
5) Osteotoxin

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2
Q

Which Burkholderia species is motile?

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

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3
Q

What 3 diseases that we have discussed are caused by Burkholderia?

A

1) Glanders
2) Melioidosis
3) Pseudoglanders

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4
Q

What 2 factors are necessary for Moraxella virulence?

A

Moraxella bovis toxin (Mbx) and type 4 pilus (fimbria)

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5
Q

What is the most common ocular disease in cattle occurring mostly during summer and early fall?

A

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis caused by Moraxella bovis

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6
Q

What are the exotoxins of Pseudomonas and what are their functions?

A

Exotoxin A: Inhibits protein synthesis
Exotoxins S and T: Interferes with phagocytosis by affecting actin cytoskeleton
Exotoxin U: Cytotoxic effect
Exotoxin Y: Increases intracellular cAMP levels

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7
Q

What are Pseudomona Bacteriocins and Pigments called?

A

Bacteriocins: pyocins
Pigments: pyocyanins

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8
Q

How can Pseudomonas present in the dog or cat?

A

As Otitis Externa, Lower UTI, or pyoderma.

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9
Q 
How can Pseudomonas present in each of the following: 
Horses
Bovine
Reptiles 
Sheep
A

Horses: metritis, keratitis, and conjunctivitis
Bovines: mastitis
Reptiles: necrotic stomatitis, pneumonia, septicemia
Sheep: purulent rhinitis, otitis, Fleece Rot of sheep

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10
Q

What is the Pseudomonas granulomatous inflammation of the skin, SQ, and visceral chronic presentation called?

A

Pseudomonal botryomycosis

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11
Q

What is the Bordetella toxin responsible for Atrophic Rhinitis?

A

Dermonecrotic toxin

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12
Q

What dz of equines causes an acute, suppurative, and self-limiting condition? That does not cause abortion but may result in failure to conceive?

A

Contagious equine metritis caused by Taylorella equigenitalis.

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13
Q

What is the most important means by which Fowl Spirochetosis, caused by Borrelia anserina, is transmitted?

A

Soft tick vectors => Argas persicus

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14
Q

What is the most important means by which Lyme Borreliosis, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted?

A

Hard tick vectors => Ixodes scapularis and pacificus

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15
Q

Is Lyme Dz reportable?

A

Not in vet med but for humans it is

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16
Q

What is a very important way of controlling Borrelia diseases?

A

Tick control

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17
Q

What is the infective form of Chlamydia?

Are they metabolically active?

A

Elementary bodies

No, they are inert

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18
Q

When elementary bodies invade a cell what are they called?

Are they metabolically active?

A

Reticulate bodies.

Yes, they will begin multiplication by binary fission.

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19
Q

How are Anaplasma marginale transmitted?

A

By hard ticks: Boophilus, Dermacentor, Ixodes, and Rhipicephalus

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20
Q

What cells do Anaplasma, obligate intracellular bacteria, like to invade?

A

RBC, phagocytes, and platelets

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21
Q

What cells do Ehrlichia like to invade?

A

Phagocytic cells

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22
Q

What cells do Neorickettsia like to invade?

A

MO and mononuclear cells

24
Q

Specifically, Anaplasma marginale likes to invade what cell type?

A

RBCs

25
Q

Specifically, Anaplasma phagocytophilum likes to invade what cell types?

A

NOs and eosinophils

25
Q

Which cell type is the target for Rickettsia rickettsii?

A

Endothelial cells

26
Q

Specifically, Anaplasma platys likes to invade what cell type?

A

Platelets

27
Q

What makes Coxiella burnetti different from other Rickettsiae?

A

It is able to survive in the environment, has an endospore-like growth phase, and can disseminate via airborne route

28
Q

What tick species transmits Ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis?

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus => Brown Dog Tick

29
Q

What tick species transmits Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis?

A

Dermacentor variabilis => American Dog Tick

30
Q

What tick species transmits Ehrlichia ewingii, the causative agent of Canine Granulocyte Ehrlichiosis?

A

Amblyomma americanum => Lone Star Tick

31
Q

What tick species transmits Ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of African Heartwater Dz

A

Amblyomma sp.

32
Q

How does Neorickettsia helminthoeca get inside its host?

A

It’s a bacteria, inside a fluke (Nanophytes salmincola), inside a salmonid fish. Dog eats the fish.

33
Q

What cells do Ehrlichia ruminantium replicate in?

A

MO, EC, NO =>macrophages, endothelial cells, and neutrophils

34
Q

What cells do Neorickettsia helminthoeca like to infect?

A

Monocytes, MOs, enterocytes

35
Q

Name the only obligatory helminth-borne pathogenic bacterium?

A

Neorickettsia helminthoeca

36
Q

Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) risticii, the causative agent of Potomac Horse Fever, has affinity for which types of cells?

A

Blood monocytes, tissue MOs, intestinal epithelial cells

37
Q

Aegyptianellosis is caused by Aegyptianella pullorum. What tick species is its vector?

A

The Argus species

38
Q

Mollicutes were once grouped with viruses before being classified with the bacteria. Besides being the smallest self-replicating organism, what else is unique about them?

A

They have no cell wall

39
Q

What are the clinical manifestations for non-hemotrophic mollicutes?

A

Respiratory tract infections, UTIs, arthritis, mastitis, conjunctivitis, septicemia

40
Q

What is the major clinical sign for hemotrophic mollicutes?

A

Hemolytic anemia

41
Q 
Which of the following is the hemotrophic mollicutes?
A) Mycoplasma mycoides spp. mycoides
B) Mycoplasma synovia
C) Mycoplasma haemofelis
D) Mycoplasma gallisepticum
E) Mycoplasma putrifaciens
A

C) Mycoplasma haemofelis

42
Q

Mycoplasma felis causes conjunctivitis in cats. In what species does it cause a self-limiting pleuritis?

A

Equines

43
Q

Name the animal species that is very resistant to Leptospira.

A

Cats

44
Q

What is the hallmark clinical sign of any Leptospira species?

A

Late term abortion

45
Q

What are the 3 most important Leptospira serovars in horse?

A

Pomona
Grippotyphosa
Icterohemorrhagiae

46
Q

What does Leptospira cause in horses?

A

Equine recurrent uveitis and abortion

47
Q

What are the 2 most important Leptospira serovars in cattle?

A

Hardjo

Pomona

48
Q

What are the 3 most important Leptospira serovars in dogs?

A

Canicola
Icterohemmoragiae
Gryppotyphosa

49
Q

What are the 3 forms of Leptospirosis in dogs?

A

Acute form
Icteric form
Uremic form

50
Q

Helicobacter and Campylobacter both contain ____ ____ ____ as a virulence factor.

A

Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT)

52
Q

Besides Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT), Helicobacter possesses another important virulence factor. What is it and what is its function?

A

Urease

It neutralizes gastric acid

53
Q

What 3 species - one for cattle and two for sheep/goat - belonging to the Family Campylobacteriaceae are responsible for the reproductive diseases?

A

Cattle => Campylobacter fetus spp venerealis

Sheep/goat => C. fetus spp fetus and C. jejuni

54
Q

What 2 species belonging to the Family Campylobacteriaceae are responsible for the enteric diseases?

A

Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter coli
And both are leading causes of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans!

55
Q

What are 4 possible disease manifestation of Arcobacter genus?

A

Diarrhea and abortion => livestock
Mastitis => cattle
Gastroenteritis => humans

56
Q

What are the 3 Arcobacter species of concern in animals and humans?

A

butzleri
cryaerophilus
skirrowii

57
Q

Generally, what are the manifestations of Helicobacter infections?

A

Gastric pathological changes => hyperplasia, reduction of mucus, degeneration of glands, necrosis, inflammation
Hepatic pathological changes => inflammatory and necrotizing lesions

Bact Final (1 decks)

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