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BacT > BacT exam 2 > Flashcards

BacT exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What bacteria have been implicated with the condition Bovine farcy

A

Nocardia farcinica
Mycobacterium farcinogenes
Mycobacterium senegalense

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2
Q

What is the most common species of Nocardia

A

Nocardia asteroids

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3
Q

How is Nocardia transmitted?

A

Inhalation, trauma and infestion

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4
Q

What are the members of the filamentous bacteria?

A

Nocardia
Actinomyces
Dermatophilus
Streptobacilus

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5
Q

What causes a swollen snood in turkeys, as well as endocarditis and arthritis?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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6
Q

What causes polyarthritis in sheep and is usually associated with castrations, docking or shearing

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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7
Q

What causes septicemia and urticaria in dolphins

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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8
Q

What causes painful local ulcers, usually on the hand of humans that handle fish or meat

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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9
Q

What bacteria has neuroaminidases

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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10
Q

What is non-motile non-acid fast, non-spore forming, catalase negative, oxidase negative, coagulase positive, produces hydrogen sulfide, and non-hemolytic

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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11
Q

What bacteria causes encephalitis (circling disease), septicemia, abortion, conjunctivitis and mastitis in ruminants

A

Listeria

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12
Q

What are the virulence factors for listeria?

A 
Listeriolysion O (LLO)
Internalins --> induce phagocytosis
ActA --> intracellular movement
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13
Q

What is non- spore forming, facultative anaerobe, catalase positive, oxidase negative, motile at 25C and non acid fast

A

Listeria

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14
Q

What is spore forming, facultative anaerobe, catalase positive, oxidase negative, non-motile

A

Bacillus

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15
Q

What effects does Bacillus have on swine?

A

Ulcerative hemorrhagic enteritis
Mesenteric lymphadenitis
obstructive edema –> death

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16
Q

What effects does Bacillus have on ruminants?

A

Septicemia, epistaxis, absent rigor mortins, high fever, agalactia, abortion, hematuria, hemorrhagic diarrhea, regional edema, congestion of mucous membranes

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17
Q

What bacteria is aerobic, acid fast, non spore forming, lacks flagella and capsule

A

Mycobacterium

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18
Q

What does Mycobacterium cause?

A

Tuberculosis
Paaratuberculosis (Jone’s disease)
Granulomatous disease

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19
Q

What are the virulence factors of Mycobacterium?

A

Lipids
Glycolipids
peptidoglycolipids

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20
Q

What immobilizes neutrophils, inactivates phagocytes mitochondria and inhibits macrophage chemotaxis in mycobacterium?

A

Glycolipid-dimycolyl trehalose (Cord factor)

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21
Q

What diseases are reportable?

A

Tuberculosis

Johne’s disease

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22
Q

Ornamental fish from florida are dying from what infection?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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23
Q

In tuberculous pneumonia, what type of response predominates?

A

neutrophilic response

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24
Q

What type of immunity influences the course of tuberculosis?

A

Cell mediated immunity

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25
Q

What species of Mycobacterium infects ruminants?

A

Usually M. bovis

M. avium and M. tuberculosis can too, but generally subclinical or non progressive lesions occur.

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26
Q

what sites does M. bovis affect ruminants?

A

Respiratory tract
lymph nodes
serous cavities
may be spread to liver and kidneys

27
Q

Swine are mainly infected with what species of Mycobacterium?

A

M. bovis

28
Q

What does M. bovis cause in swine?

A

Progressive diseases with classical lesions

29
Q

In swine, M. tuberculosis doesn’t pass what structure?

A

regional lymph nodes

30
Q

What mycobacterium affects dogs and cats?

A

M. bovis

31
Q

What mycobacterium affects dogs

A

M. tuberculosis

M. bovis

32
Q

What effect does Mycobacterium have on dogs?

A

hypertrophic pulmonary osteorthrapathy (Marie’s disease)

33
Q

What bacteria causes Marie’s Disease in dogs

A

Mycobacterium

34
Q

What disease causes pyogranulomatous dermatitis in cats?

A

Mycobacterium

35
Q

Primates are susceptible to what species of Mycobacterium?

A

M. tuberculosis

M. bovis

36
Q

M. avium and non tuberculous Mycobacterium could infect what primates?

A

immunosuppresed

37
Q

How do primates get infected with M. tuberculosis

A

Airborne route

38
Q

How could primates get infected with M. bovis?

A

via ingestion in unpasteurized milk

39
Q

What does M. bovis cause in primates?

A

primary regional lymphadenitis

40
Q

What could result if M. bovis is disseminated to the vertebra?

A

Hunchback

41
Q

At what temperature does M. avian grown?

A

higher than 43 C

42
Q

How do birds become infected with M. avium?

A

via alimentary canal

43
Q

What organs are affected with M. avium in a bird?

A

liver, spleen, bone marrow, lungs, peritoneum

44
Q

tubercolosis is typically a disease of

A

captivity and domestication

45
Q

What breed of dogs tend to be more susceptible to tuberculosis than Dachshunds and Doberman pinscher?

A

Fox terriers

Irish setters

46
Q

What is gram positive, spore forming, anaerobic rods, fermentative, catalase negative and oxidase negative

A

Clostridium

47
Q

What do clostridial cultures typically emit?

A

putrid odors

48
Q

What is the most common mode of energy production?

A

peptide catabolism

49
Q

Most clostridium are motile by pertinacious flagella, what species of Clostridium is not motile

A

C. perfringens

50
Q

What is one of the most frequently isolated pathogenic bacterium, most commonly found anaerobe in human infections

A

Clostridium perfringens

51
Q

What virulence factors does clostridium have?

A
  • Adhesins (fibronectin and collagen binding proteins)
  • Capsule - anti phagocytic
  • VirR/VirS regulate toxin expression
52
Q

Alpha toxins (Cpa or Plc) are all produced by

A

C. perfringens

53
Q

What do Alpha toxin (Cpa or PLc) cause

A

hemolysis, necrosis and lethality

54
Q

What do beta toxin (Cpb) cause

A

pore forming toxin

55
Q

What favors the action of beta toxins produced by clostridium

A

protease (trypsin) inhibitors in colostrum

56
Q

What is epsilon toxin (Etx) activated by?

A

Trypsin

57
Q

What does epsilon toxin cause?

A

necrotizing and lethal

58
Q

Where does epsilon toxin concentrate?

A

Brain and kidney, damaging microvasculature

59
Q

What toxin affects cellular cytoskeleton and results in death of affected cell

A

Iota toxin (Itx)

60
Q

Enterotoxin (CPE) is produced by

A

~10% of type A C. perfringens

61
Q

What does enterotoxin cause?

A

fluid and electrolyte abnormalities

62
Q

What toxin is most important with Wound infection (Type A)

A

alpha toxin

63
Q

what plays a big role in wound infection Type A

A

Capsule
Alpha toxin
perfringolysin O

64
Q

What does wound infection type A cause

A

anaerobic cellulitis and gas gangrene

BacT (1 decks)

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