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English II > Backgrounds of Greek Tragedy > Flashcards

Backgrounds of Greek Tragedy Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
0
Q

What is goat song in Greek?

A

tragos oide

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1
Q

what does the word tragedy come from?

A

goat song

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2
Q

what is dithyramb

A

choral lyric with group dancing and sometimes brief dialogue between leader and chorus

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3
Q

How did the theater start out, style wise?

A

crude improvisation

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4
Q

what was tragedy based on?

A

myths about Dionysus

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5
Q

How was the crude improvisation played out?

A

rough burlesque

satire

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6
Q

How did theater change?

A

to formal artistic structure
more sophisticated philosophical attitude
lengthier stories
actors added

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7
Q

What happened in Athens?

A

Three Annual festivals honoring Dionysus

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8
Q

What happened at the festivals

A

one poet per morning
each poet presents a tetralogy
judges determine winners

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9
Q

what is a tetralogy

A

3 tragedies

1 satire play

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10
Q

what was the other purpose of the theater

A

civic and religious obligation

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11
Q

What is a choragus

A

wealthy citizen that paid for the production

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12
Q

what did the choragus pay for the production as?

A

a liturgy

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13
Q

what is a liturgy

A

public service

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14
Q

What happened if your play won first?

A

received honors

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15
Q

Admission?

A

free or subsidized by state

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16
Q

Important figures

A

Thespis

Aeschylus

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17
Q

Who was Thespis?

A

father of drama
used the first actor - possibly himself
did the first tragedy at Athens

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18
Q

Who was Aeschylus

A

wrote first tragedy in the sense that the word is used today

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19
Q

amphitheater

A

semicircle structure used as the site for productions

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20
Q

theatron

A

area in which the audience sat

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21
Q

parados

A

entrance passage

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22
Q

orchestra

A

dancing place of the chorus

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23
Q

thymele

A

alter to Dionysus in center of orchestra

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24
Q

skene

A

wooden scene building

dressing room for actors and backdrop for the play

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25
Q

proscenium

A

level area in front of the skene where most of the action took place

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26
Q

eccyclema

A

wheeled platform which was rolled out of the skene to reveal action that had taken place indoors

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27
Q

machina

A

mounted on top of the skene

used for appearance of the gods

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28
Q

what was the appearance of the gods called

A

deus de machina

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29
Q

What were the actors like?

A

male

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30
Q

Who played the lead?

A

the poet

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31
Q

what do you call the central character

A

protagonist

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32
Q

what were the actors wearing?

A

elaborate, formal costumes and masks

33
Q

What did the chorus function as?

A

nucleus from which the tragedy evolved

ideal spectator

34
Q

what did the chorus create

A

psychological and emotional background for the play

35
Q

who was the spokesman of the chorus

A

choragos

36
Q

where were the plots taken from

A

greek mythology

37
Q

What were the plots the subjects of

A

great moral dignity and emotional significance

38
Q

Why were the stories familiar?

A

allowed for reinterpretation and explanation through irony and allusions

39
Q

order of parts

A 
prologue
parados
episode
ode
exodos
40
Q

what was the prologue

A

opening scene

41
Q

what was the parados

A

entrance of the chorus

42
Q

what was the episode

A

similar to the modern act or scene

43
Q

what was the ode

A

choral ode at the end of each episode

44
Q

another word for ode

A

stasimon

45
Q

what was the exodos

A

final action after the last stasimon including the ceremonial exit of all the players

46
Q

What did Aristotle write about?

A

poetics

study of Greek drama

47
Q

when did Aristotle write?

A

About a century after most great Greek playwrights had died

48
Q

why is aristotle’s work unique

A

the only critical study of Greek drama from that general time period

49
Q

mimesis

A

imitation of things as they could be, not as they are

50
Q

catharsis

A

the aim of the tragedy

51
Q

what is the aim of a tragedy

A

to bring about a purging of the emotions (pity, fear) of the audience

52
Q

6 main elements of a tragedy

A 
plot
thought
character
diction
spectacle
song
53
Q

what is the most important part of a tragedy

A

plot

54
Q

what is spectacle

A

scenic effect

55
Q

what does song refer to

A

music

56
Q

what must the plot have

A

a beginning, middle, and end

central theme

57
Q

what must the central theme do

A

illustrate matters of universal rather than individual significance

58
Q

2 main features of the plot

A

reversal

recognition

59
Q

greek word for reversal

A

peripetia

60
Q

what is reversal

A

the opposite of what is planned or hoped for occurs

61
Q

what is the greek word for recognition

A

anagnorisis

62
Q

what is recognition

A

the point when the protagonist realizes the truth of a situation, discovers another’s identity, or comes to a realization about himself

63
Q

what must the ideal protagonist be

A

highly renowned and prosperous

has error of judgment or frailty

64
Q

what is frailty in Greek

A

harmartia

65
Q

what must the protagonist do

A

not offend the moral sensibilities of the spectators
be true to type and life
be consistent

66
Q

who was Greece’s most successful playwright

A

Sophocles

67
Q

when was Sophocles born

A

495 BC

68
Q

where was Sophocles born

A

Colonus

69
Q

where is colonus

A

just outside athens

70
Q

elements of Sophocles’ traditional education

A

music
poetry
dancing
gymnastics

71
Q

How was Sophocles distinguished

A

his ability and physical beauty

72
Q

Accomplishments of Sophocles

A

120+ plays, many prize winning

73
Q

What was Sophocles involved in

A

civic affairs

general priesthood

74
Q

Sophocles’ reputation

A

admired

75
Q

Sophocles seemed to have been

A

chosen by the gods for blessings

76
Q

when did Sophocles write

A

the most creative and prosperous time in Athenian history

77
Q

What was Sophocles’ time called

A

Golden Age

78
Q

What century did Sophocles live in

A

5th century

79
Q

When did Sophocles die

A

406 B.C.

English II (8 decks)

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