Background of the New Testament

Question 1

What does Testament mean?

Answer 1

a solemn declaration

Question 2

What is the language of the NT?

Answer 2

Greek

Question 3

What are the four sections of the NT?

Answer 3

Gospels
History
Epistles
Prophecy

Question 4

What is the number of NT authors?

Answer 4

8

Question 5

What is the ethnicity of the NT author?

Answer 5

Jewish, except for Luke who was Gentile

Question 6

What is the time frame of the writing off the NT?

Answer 6

??

Question 7

What is the importance of the Maccabees?

Answer 7

They were instrumental in taking back control of the temple from the Greeks who had desecrated it.

Question 8

What was the importance of the Romans?

Answer 8

The Romans ruled the land, and destroyed the temple in AD 70.

Question 9

What happened in AD 135?

Answer 9

The city of Jerusalem was completely devastated and a law was passed to prevent the Jews from returning.

Question 10

Who were the Pharisees?

Answer 10

small group, 6,000 (the separated ones)

Question 11

What were the two schools of Pharisees?

Answer 11

Hillel (more liberal)

Shammal (more strict)

Question 12

Who were the Sadducees?

Answer 12

rejected angels, spirits, the resurrection, the last judgment, life after death, divine providence, or a coming Messiah

Question 13

Who is the Essenes?

Answer 13

They lived in Qumran and were a highly disciplined community devoted to the study of Scripture

Question 14

Who were the zealots?

Answer 14

They considered themselves patriots for the faith, and often resorted to violence (Simon, the zealot).

Question 15

Who were the Herodians?

Answer 15

They were more of a political party than a religious group

Question 16

What were the 3 main political divisions of Israel during the NT?

Answer 16

Archelus- Idumea, Judea, Samaria
Antipas- Galilee, Perea
Philip- Batanaea, Trachonitas, Auranitas

Question 17

Define concursus.

Answer 17

The complementary interworking of God and the human writers in the composition of the Bible

Question 18

Who is Antiochus IV Epiphanes?

Answer 18

Roman ruler who forced Greek customs on the Jews. This led to the worship of Zeus, and the culmination of an altar to Zeus at the temple in 167 BC where pigs were sacrificed.

Question 19

Who was Mattathias?

Answer 19

Resisted Antiochus’s attempt to force Roman rule on the Jews, led the Hasmonians

Question 20

What are the five discourses in Matthew?

Answer 20

1. The Sermon on the Mount (chs 5-7)
2. The commissioning of the disciples (ch 10)
3. The parables of the kingdom (ch 13)
4. The teaching on discipleship (ch 18)
5. The Olivet discourse (chs 24-25)

Question 21

What is the key concept of Matthew?

Answer 21

Jesus - the King of Israel

Question 22

What is the key concept of Mark?

Answer 22

Jesus - the Obedient Servant

Question 23

What is the key concept of Luke?

Answer 23

Jesus - The Perfect Man

Question 24

What is Isaiah 7:14?

Answer 24

Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

Question 25

What is Micah 5:2?

Answer 25

But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah, from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose origin is from of old, from ancient days.

Question 26

What is the theme of Matthew?

Answer 26

Jesus is the King of Israel

Question 27

What is the theme of Mark?

Answer 27

Jesus is the servant of all.

Question 28

What is the theme of Luke?

Answer 28

Jesus is the Son of Man.

Question 29

What are the contents of Matthew?

Answer 29

The book recounts the life and ministry of Jesus Christ with special emphasis on His Messiahship.

Question 30

What are the contents of Mark?

Answer 30

The book recounts the life and ministry of Jesus Christ with an emphasis on His ministry of Service.

Question 31

What are the contents of Luke?

Answer 31

The book recounts the life and ministry of Jesus Christ with a special emphasis on His humanity.

Question 32

What passages are unique to the gospel of Luke as compared with the other synoptics?

Answer 32

Unique section on Jesus' birth The Good Samaritan (ch 10) The lost sheep, the lost coin, and the lost son (ch 15) Cleansing of the 10 lepers (ch 17) The disciples on the road to Emmaus (ch 24)

Question 33

What are the purposes of Luke?

Answer 33

``` God's universal work Jesus as the Savior of the world Events in Jesus' early life The place of women in Jesus' ministry The ministry of the Holy Spirit ```