Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

System Design > Background Jobs, DNS, CDN > Flashcards

Background Jobs, DNS, CDN Flashcards

1
Q

What are background jobs?

A

Tasks that run behind the scenes to handle operations that don’t need to be completed instantly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an event-driven background job?

A

Triggered by specific events in the system, such as user actions or system-generated events.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do event-driven background jobs work?

A

An event occurs, logged or sent to a message queue, and a background worker processes it asynchronously.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give three examples of event-driven background jobs.

A
  • Email Notifications
  • Image Processing
  • Payment Processing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the benefits of event-driven background jobs?

A
  • Immediate responsiveness
  • Decouples user-facing operations from heavy backend tasks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a schedule-driven background job?

A

Runs at specific times or intervals based on a predefined schedule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do schedule-driven background jobs work?

A

A scheduler triggers the job at the set time or interval to perform a designated task automatically.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Provide three examples of schedule-driven background jobs.

A
  • Daily Reports
  • Database Backups
  • Cache Cleaning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the benefits of schedule-driven background jobs?

A
  • Automates repetitive tasks
  • Ensures consistency by running tasks at regular intervals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a returning results background job?

A

Processes a task in the background and provides the result to the user or system once complete.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do returning results background jobs work?

A

A user requests a task, the job processes it asynchronously, and the result is returned when complete.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List three examples of returning results background jobs.

A
  • File Downloads
  • Data Analysis
  • Video Rendering
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the benefits of returning results background jobs?

A
  • Handles long-running tasks without blocking the user interface
  • Notifies users when the task is complete
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the key characteristics of background jobs?

A
  • Event-Driven: When an event occurs
  • Schedule-Driven: At predefined times/intervals
  • Returning Results: When results are requested
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why use background jobs?

A
  • Improves Responsiveness
  • Handles Long-Running Tasks
  • Ensures Reliability
  • Scalability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are message queues used for in background jobs?

A

To queue tasks for background processing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name three examples of tools for managing background jobs.

A
  • RabbitMQ
  • Celery
  • Cron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is DNS?

A

The Domain Name System translates human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is DNS needed?

A
  • Human-Friendly Naming
  • Dynamic IP Addresses
  • Load Balancing and Redundancy
20
Q

Describe the DNS query process step-by-step.

A
  • DNS Resolver queries the root DNS server
  • Root server queries TLD server
  • TLD server queries authoritative nameserver
  • Authoritative nameserver provides IP address
  • Response returned to client
  • Caching occurs
21
Q

What are the key components of DNS?

A
  • DNS Resolver
  • Root Nameserver
  • TLD Nameserver
  • Authoritative Nameserver
22
Q

What is an A Record in DNS?

A

Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address.

23
Q

What does TTL stand for in DNS caching?

A

Time-to-Live

24
Q

What is DNS caching?

A

Temporarily stores DNS query results to reduce load and speed up requests.

25
Q

What is DNS load balancing?

A

Distributes traffic across multiple servers using DNS.

26
Q

What is DNS spoofing/poisoning?

A

An attacker alters DNS responses to redirect users to malicious websites.

27
Q

What are the security measures in DNS?

A
  • DNSSEC
  • DDoS Attack Mitigation
  • Reverse DNS
28
Q

What is a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?

A

A system of distributed servers that delivers web content to users more quickly and reliably.

29
Q

Why use a CDN?

A

Reduces latency by serving content from servers closer to the user.

30
Q

What is a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?

A

A system of distributed servers located in different geographical regions that delivers web content to users more quickly and reliably.

31
Q

How do CDNs reduce latency?

A

By serving content from servers that are physically closer to the user.

32
Q

List the benefits of using a CDN.

A
  • Improved Speed
  • Reduced Load on Origin Server
  • Scalability
  • Better Availability
  • Security
33
Q

What is a Push CDN?

A

A CDN where the website owner manually uploads content to the CDN’s servers.

34
Q

What is a Pull CDN?

A

A CDN that automatically retrieves content from the origin server when a user requests it for the first time.

35
Q

Fill in the blank: A Push CDN is best for _______ content.

A

static, unchanging

36
Q

Fill in the blank: A Pull CDN is ideal for _______ content.

A

dynamic or frequently updated

37
Q

What is an advantage of using a Push CDN?

A

Complete control over what content is stored on the CDN.

38
Q

What is a disadvantage of using a Pull CDN?

A

The first request to new content may experience higher latency.

39
Q

True or False: A Pull CDN requires more manual effort to upload or update files.

A

False

40
Q

What happens when a user requests content for the first time in a Pull CDN?

A

The CDN fetches it from the origin server and caches it for subsequent users.

41
Q

What is one key difference between Push CDN and Pull CDN regarding content upload?

A

Push CDN requires manual upload, while Pull CDN automatically pulls from the origin server.

42
Q

In a Pull CDN, what must be managed to avoid serving outdated content?

A

Cache settings

43
Q

Provide an example of when to choose a Push CDN.

A

When content doesn’t change often, such as videos or high-resolution images.

44
Q

Provide an example of when to choose a Pull CDN.

A

When content updates frequently, such as blogs or e-commerce sites.

45
Q

List the pros of Push CDN.

A
  • Complete control over stored content
  • Great for predictable, unchanging content
46
Q

List the cons of Pull CDN.

A
  • Slight delay for first request to new content
  • Requires management of cache settings
47
Q

What does a CDN do to improve security?

A

Protects against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks by absorbing malicious traffic.

System Design (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions