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Scientific > Back Training > Flashcards

Back Training Flashcards

0
Q

The _____ muscles resist anterior shear of the vertebra and control rotation of the vertebra.

A

Multifidus

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1
Q

The 2 functional muscle groups of the spine are the _____.

A

Transversopinalis and erector spinae

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2
Q

The _____ muscle bridges the spine and the leg.

A

Iliopsoas

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3
Q

The iliopsoas shares a reflex neurological relationship with which organ?

A

Kidney

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4
Q

Unilateral shortening in the _____ tends to hike up the hip.

A

Quadratus lumborum

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5
Q

The _____ muscle bridges the spine to the humerus.

A

Latissimus dorsi

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6
Q

When lifting an object from the floor, the first 45 degree of trunk extension is provided by which muscles?

A

Hamstrings and gluteus maximus

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7
Q

The abdominal wall has _____ nerve innervations.

A

9

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8
Q

If the external oblique and internal oblique on the same side contract, they will produce _____.

A

Side flexion

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9
Q

Tonic muscles tend to _____ and _____.

A

shorten; tighten

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10
Q

When shortened, the anterior fibers of the gluteus medius and the tensor fascia latae will restrict which motion at the hip?

A

External rotation

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11
Q

When squatting, a plumb line dropped from the end of the bar should _____.

A

Always stay within the space occupied by the feet at any time during the squat.

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12
Q

Which muscles below are primarily phasic?

A

Peroneals, wrist extensors, abdominals

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13
Q

When the abdominals are deficient, the _____ muscles have to help stabilize the spine.

A

hamstrings

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14
Q

The _____ muscles control thoracic curvature.

A

Spinoscapular

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15
Q

Which muscles want to pull a load toward you when lifting it from the floor?

A

Latissimus dorsi

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16
Q

Increased _____ kyphosis increases the angle in the _____.

A

thoracic; first rib

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17
Q

A man with a 16-pound head, that has a forward head posture of 2 inches, has a load of ______ on his _____.

A

32 pounds; neck extensors

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18
Q

During a Bent-Over-Row it is important to have complete shoulder ______.

A

Adduction

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19
Q

According to Janda, the _____ muscle(s) is the most common site of muscle imbalances in the body.

A

psoas

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20
Q

The first _____ degrees of load, going from standing to bending, is primarily controlled by the _____ system.

A

45; muscular

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21
Q

It is best to use a rounded back lifting posture when the load is light enough that you can lift it _____ times.

A

30

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22
Q

The knee needs to bend _____% to recruit the ______.

A

20; gluteus maximus

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23
Q

The Inner Unit is composed of the _____ muscles.

A

Diaphragm, Multifidus, posterior fibers of the internal obliques, pelvic floor, transversus abdominis.

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24
Q

The thoracolumbar fascia is a buffering system to control the transfer of forces from _____ to ____ and vice versa.

A

muscles; ligaments

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25
Q

If a client draws his/her belly button in, without any load, and it creates pain, he has a _____.

A

compression pathology

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26
Q

Which exercise below would be the best choice for working the posterior oblique system?

A

lateral lunge pull with cable.

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27
Q

Pain in the right adductor may shut down the _____.

A

left external oblique

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28
Q

The lateral system is made up of the _____.

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, ipsilateral adductors and opposite quadratus lumborum, external and internal obliques

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29
Q

Which system stabilizers the stance leg in gait?

A

laternal

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30
Q

The _____ system is designed to support the body and buffer shock away fro the joints.

A

deep longitudinal

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31
Q

When you bend over, functional cause _____ in the _____.

A

force closure; pelvis

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32
Q

When you bend forward, the lower abdominals rotate the pelvis _____ and this tightens the _____.

A

posteriorly; sacrotuberous, sacrospinous and sacroiliac ligaments

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33
Q

When a child is born, the first spinal curve he/she develops is the _____.

A

cervical

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34
Q

Walking too soon as an infant/toddler forces the child to skip the _____ phase of crawling.

A

mammalian

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35
Q

Inhalation is coupled with _____.

A

supination

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36
Q

Which exercise would be the best choice for training the vestibular system?

A

single leg swiss ball lunge

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37
Q

Which system controls righting and tilting reflexes?

A

vestibular

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38
Q

The most common dysfunction you see from an atlas subluxation is a _____.

A

lumbo-pelvic sysfunction

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39
Q

The _____ system has the power to override the entire system.

A

limbic/emotional

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40
Q

You need to place a _____ degrees or larger bend in the knee during the ankle dorsiflexion test to find the end range of the _____.

A

15; soleus

41
Q

During the hamstring flexibility test at the knee it is important to place your finger on the _____ vertebra.

A

L3

42
Q

During the Sit Reach Test you are looking at _____.

A

lumbar flexion

43
Q

More than a _____% difference from left to right in comparative range of motion testing is a cause for concern.

A

10

44
Q

The Hip Adduction Test is assessing the _____.

A

hip abductors

45
Q

When you see striation in the _____ (wash boarding) it usually means the vertebra are sliding _____.

A

Multifidus; forward

46
Q

If the trunk cannot rotate at least 90 degrees during a swinging motion, such as a tennis racket swing, it will most likely place torque on the _____.

A

knee

47
Q

For the Internal and External Hip Rotation Test, direction of rotation is indicated by the ______.

A

knee

48
Q

The Standing Side Flexion Test is assessing the flexibility of the _____.

A

quadratus lumborum

49
Q

During the Forward Bend Test, structural scoliosis is identified when the client has _____.

A

a rib hump on one side

50
Q

When a client’s right hip is higher than the left is causes a side bend _____ which is coupled with _____.

A

right; left rotation of the lumbar spine

51
Q

The Lumbopelvic Rhythm Test assess _____.

A

Th relationship between the lumbar spine and the pelvis with regard to forward bending.

52
Q

Which mobilization is best for integrating the pelvis with the rest of the body?

A

Feldenkrais Hip and Pelvis Integrator

53
Q

Feldenkrais mobilizations help _____.

A

reestablish motor control

54
Q

Which mobilization is best for clients with disc injuries?

A

Mckenzie press-up

55
Q

During the foam roller segmental mobilization you should mobilize the spine _____.

A

Right on the segment where the client has difficulty extending

56
Q

The Dynamic Horse Stance mimics the _____ position.

A

Mammalian crawl

57
Q

Holding the arm at a _____ degree angle during the horse stance exercise helps activate the ______.

A

45; lower trapezius

58
Q

The Supine Hip Extension Feet on Ball exercise is excellent for training the strength and coordination of the _____ of the body.

A

extensor mechanism

59
Q

Over pronation in the Supine Hip Extension Back on Ball exercise indicates the client has _____.

A

weak external hip rotators

60
Q

Which exercise would be best for back pain clients that have pain when they bend forward?

A

reverse hyperextension

61
Q

Which exercise is best for working the stabilizer in the frontal plane?

A

swiss ball side flexion

62
Q

The Supine Lateral Ball Roll works which slings of the body?

A

Anterior oblique; posterior oblique, lateral, deep longitudinal

63
Q

During the Forward Ball Roll, the contribution from the hips and shoulders should be as follows:

A

hips and shoulders move equally the same

64
Q

The best exercise to integrate the core with the lower extremities is the _____.

A

prone jack knife

65
Q

Phase two exercises are done predominantly _____.

A

standing without axial loading

66
Q

Which exercise is safest for introducing a rotational load to the spine?

A

3-point single arm row

67
Q

The single-are bicep curl activates the _____ on the _____ side of the body.

A

stabilizers; opposite

68
Q

Which type oof exercises help people move from Phhase one to Phase two exercises?

A

secondary

69
Q

A Lat Pull Down with a client who has an injured spine, should be performed in which position?

A

kneeling

70
Q

When the pelvis tips forward during the Straight Arm Lat Pull Down it is an indication that the _____ is/are not working properly.

A

core

71
Q

The sequence of any cable push or pull exercise is:

A

weight shift, twist to 90 degrees, push or pull naturally, reciprocity

72
Q

Adding a reciprocity movement in a pushing or pulling exercise does what to the spine?

A

reduces rotational torquee

73
Q

Which exercise is the best choice for preparing someone for the dead lift?

A

low row

74
Q

Before someone can perform a reverse wood chop safely, they need to be able to pass the _____ test.

A

thoracic arm raise

75
Q

During the wood chop exercise, the _____ works with the _____.

A

glutes; contralateral

76
Q

If a client, such as a golfer, has rotational challenges you could have them do the _____ in the opposite direction.

A

reverse wood chop

77
Q

During the squat assessment, you are looking for when a client switches from a _____ lifting posture to a _____ lifting posture.

A

kyphotic; lordotic

78
Q

Phase three exercises introduce _____.

A

axial loading beyond body weight

79
Q

When coming through the sticking point of the squat, it is important to _____.

A

let the air out through pursed lips

80
Q

When the pelvis tips forward during a squat, it causes _____.

A

femoral anteversion

81
Q

During a back squat, the bar should rest _____.

A

just above T1 and T2

82
Q

The rack height of the bar in a squat should be _____.

A

between the nipple line and collar bone

83
Q

During the squat, the eyes should be _____.

A

looking 15 degrees above the horizon

84
Q

It is important to initiate the squat with the _____.

A

knees

85
Q

If the abdominal wall is not activating on command, you could also tell the client to tighten the _____.

A

rectum

86
Q

A plumb line dropped between the cheeks of the squatting athletes gluteus Maximus should _____.

A

always fall an equal distance between the feet at any point in the squat

87
Q

A Front Squat puts a tremendous amount of work at the _____.

A

apex of the thoracic curvature

88
Q

During the Sumo Dead Lift, the bar and the _____ should touch.

A

shins

89
Q

Conventional dead lifts tend to put excessive _____ on the body, causing tremendous stress to the _____.

A

forward lean; SI joint

90
Q

During the sumo squat, the hips are _____.

A

adducted

91
Q

Which assessment do yo use to determine if a client needs blocks for a dead lift?

A

waiters bow

92
Q

When lunging forward,, it is important to take a _____ step.

A

big

93
Q

During the bent-over-row, the trunk should be at a _____ degree angle.

A

45-60

94
Q

During the Bent-Over Row, the knees should be bent _____ degrees to activate the _____.

A

20; glutes

95
Q

Spindle cells are responsible for telling the brain about the _____.

A

length of the muscle

96
Q

The abdominal wall has _____ nerve innervations.

A

9

97
Q

The nervous system remembers the last _____ rep(s) of an exercise set.

A

1 (2)

98
Q

Which types of muscles are postural in nature?

A

tonic

99
Q

Most lumbar disc bulges are _____.

A

posterior

Scientific (2 decks)

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