Back, Spine and Spinal cord

Question 1

Function of back

Answer 1

maintenance of posture + movement of limbs + trunk

Question 2

What do the skin dimples indicate the position of

Answer 2

Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)

Question 3

Medical term for butcrack

Answer 3

Intergluteal cleft

Question 4

Erector spine strain may cause pain where?

Answer 4

lower back

Question 5

Where does the trapezius attach superiorly?

Answer 5

Occipital bone

Question 6

What vertebrae does the latissimus dorsi attach to?

Answer 6

Cervical vertebrae

Question 7

Function of the extrinsic back muscles

Answer 7

Attack back to pectoral girdle

Move upper limb

Question 8

Function of the intrinsic back muscles

Answer 8

Maintain back posture

Move spine

Question 9

What is the erector spinae composed of

Answer 9

3 vertical muscle groups located lateral to the spine

Question 10

Superiorly how do the muscles of the erector spinae attach to ribs/transverse process/spinous process

Answer 10

via a tendon

Question 11

Where is the transverse spinals located?

Answer 11

Within grooves between transverse and spinous process

Question 12

What are the functions(3) of the erector spinae and transversospinalis?

Answer 12

help maintain posture
Support and extend spine
(erector spinae contracts bilaterally, if unilateral than lateral flexion occurs)

Question 13

Function of adult vertebral column (3)

Answer 13

Support head and trunk when upright
Protect the spinal cord ( & spinal nerves)
Allow movement of head, neck and trunk

Question 14

Where are the spinal nerves found?

Answer 14

intervertebral formamen

Question 15

At which two locations are there no intervertebral discs?

Answer 15

Between C1+2

Fused sacrum/coccyx

Question 16

how much of the length of the spine do the intervertebral discs make up?

Answer 16

20-25% of the length of the spine

Question 17

outer fibrous ring of intervertebral disc is called the

Answer 17

annulus fibrosis

Question 18

Inner soft pulp of the intervertebral disc is called the

Answer 18

nucleus pulposus

Question 19

What does the posterior longitudinal ligament prevent

Answer 19

Overflexion of the spine

Question 20

What does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent

Answer 20

overextension of the spine

Question 21

Describe the supraspinous ligament

Answer 21

Connect tip of spinous process

Strong/fibrous

Question 22

Describe the interspinous ligament

Answer 22

Connect super and inferior surface of adjacent spinous processes
Weak/membranous

Question 23

Which region of vertebrae have a bifid spinal process

Answer 23

Cervical

Question 24

What is the first palpable vertebrae

Answer 24

C7

Question 25

Define laminectomy

Answer 25

Removal of one or more spinous processes and the adjacent laminae