Back, Spine and Spinal cord Flashcards
Function of back
maintenance of posture + movement of limbs + trunk
What do the skin dimples indicate the position of
Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
Medical term for butcrack
Intergluteal cleft
Erector spine strain may cause pain where?
lower back
Where does the trapezius attach superiorly?
Occipital bone
What vertebrae does the latissimus dorsi attach to?
Cervical vertebrae
Function of the extrinsic back muscles
Attack back to pectoral girdle
Move upper limb
Function of the intrinsic back muscles
Maintain back posture
Move spine
What is the erector spinae composed of
3 vertical muscle groups located lateral to the spine
Superiorly how do the muscles of the erector spinae attach to ribs/transverse process/spinous process
via a tendon
Where is the transverse spinals located?
Within grooves between transverse and spinous process
What are the functions(3) of the erector spinae and transversospinalis?
help maintain posture
Support and extend spine
(erector spinae contracts bilaterally, if unilateral than lateral flexion occurs)
Function of adult vertebral column (3)
Support head and trunk when upright
Protect the spinal cord ( & spinal nerves)
Allow movement of head, neck and trunk
Where are the spinal nerves found?
intervertebral formamen
At which two locations are there no intervertebral discs?
Between C1+2
Fused sacrum/coccyx
how much of the length of the spine do the intervertebral discs make up?
20-25% of the length of the spine
outer fibrous ring of intervertebral disc is called the
annulus fibrosis
Inner soft pulp of the intervertebral disc is called the
nucleus pulposus
What does the posterior longitudinal ligament prevent
Overflexion of the spine
What does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent
overextension of the spine
Describe the supraspinous ligament
Connect tip of spinous process
Strong/fibrous
Describe the interspinous ligament
Connect super and inferior surface of adjacent spinous processes
Weak/membranous
Which region of vertebrae have a bifid spinal process
Cervical
What is the first palpable vertebrae
C7
Define laminectomy
Removal of one or more spinous processes and the adjacent laminae
