Back Muscles

Question 1

Extrinsic Muscles

Answer 1

Trapezius

Latissimus Dorsi

Rhombdoin maj/min

Levator scapulae

Question 2

Trapezius

Answer 2

Med: EOC, nuchal ligament, SP C7-T11
Lat: clavicle (lat), acromion, & spine of scapula
N/A: accessory (motor), C3-4 (proprioception)/ transverse cervical artery
Function: elevate, depress, and retract scapula

Question 3

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 3

Med: SP of inf 6 TV, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
Lat: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
N/A: thoracodorsal n/a
Function: extend, adduct, and medially rotate shoulder joint

Question 4

Rhomboid major

Answer 4

Med: SP T2-T5
Lat: med border of scapula
N/A: dorsal scapular n/a
Function: depress scapula

Question 5

Rhomboid minor

Answer 5

Med: SP C7-T1
Lat: Med border of scapula
N/A: dorsal scapular n/a
Function: depress scapula

Question 6

Levator scapulae

Answer 6

Med: TP C1-4
Lat: med border of scapula
N/A: dorsal scapular n/a
Function: depress scapula

Question 7

Intermediate Muscles

Answer 7

Serratus posterior anterior

Serratus posterior inferior

Question 8

Serratus posterior anterior

Answer 8

Med: SP of C7-T3
Lat: ribs 2-5
N/A: 2-5 intercostal n/ post intercostal a
Function: elevate ribs 2-5

Question 9

Serratus posterior inferior

Answer 9

Med: SP of T11-L2
Lat: ribs 9-12
N/A: 9-11 intercostal n/ post intercostal a
Function: depress ribs 9-12

Question 10

Intrinsic Muscles

Answer 10

Superficial: splenius capitus and cervicis

Intermediate: illocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Deep: semispinalis, multifudus, rotatores

Minor Deep: interspinalis, intertransversi, levator costarum

Question 11

Splenius capitus

Answer 11

Origin: nuchal ligament; SP of C7-T6
Insertion: mastoid process, nuchal line
N: posterior rami of cervical n
Function: (Uni)- lat flex neck and rotate head to same side; (bilat)- extend head and neck

Question 12

Splenius cervicis

Answer 12

Origin: nuchal ligament; SP C7-T6
Insertion: TP of C1-4
N: posterior rami of cervical n
Function: (Uni)- lat flex neck and rotate head to same side; (bilat)- extend head and neck

Question 13

Illocostalis

Answer 13

Origin: post surface of iliac crest, sacroiliac ligament, supraspinous ligament; SP of S/LV
Insertion: angles of lower ribs
N: posterior rami of cervical n
Function: extend VC/head (bilat); flex VC (uni)

Question 14

Longissimus

Answer 14

Origin: post surface of iliac crest, sacroiliac ligament, supraspinous ligament; SP of S/LV
Insertion: between the tubercles and angles of TP of T/CV
N: post rami of cervical n
Function: extend VC/head (bilat); flex VC (uni)

Question 15

Spinalis

Answer 15

Origin: post surface of iliac crest, sacroiliac ligament, supraspinous ligament; SP of S/LV
Insertion: SP of TV
N: post rami of cervical n
Function: extend VC/head (bilat); flex VC (uni)

Question 16

Semispinalis

Answer 16

Origin: TP of C4-T10
Insertion: occ bone; SP of TC
N: post rami of spinal n
Function: extend head/CV/TV and rotates them

Question 17

Multifidus

Answer 17

Origin: sacroiliac ligament; TP of TV and AP of C4-7
Insertion: lumbar region
N: post rami of spinal n
Function: stabilize VC

Question 18

Rotatores

Answer 18

Origin: TP of VC
Insertion: junction of lamina & TP/SP of vertebrae
N: post rami of spinal n
Function: proprioception

Question 19

Interspinalis

Answer 19

Origin: Sup SP of C/LV
Insertion: inf SP of vertebrae sup to origin
N: post rami of spinal n
Function: ext/rot VC

Question 20

Intertransverse

Answer 20

Origin: TP of C/LV
Insertion: TP of adj vertebrae
N: post and ant rami of spinal n
Function: lat flexion

Question 21

Levator costarum

Answer 21

Origin: TP C7-T11
Insertion: Ribs
N: post rami of C8-T11
Function: assist w/ breathing

Question 22

Rectus capitus posterior major

Answer 22

Med: SP of C2 (atlas)
Lat: lateral inferior nuchal line
N: posterior ramus of C1
Function: ext/rot face to same side

Question 23

Rectus capitus posterior minor

Answer 23

Med: posterior tubercle of C1 (atlas)
Lat: medial inferior nuchal line
N: posterior ramus of C1
Function: ext head

Question 24

Obliquus capitus superior

Answer 24

Med: TP of C1
Lat: lat aspect of sup/inf nuchal line
N: posterior ramus of C1
Function: extends head

Question 25

Obliquus capitus inferior

Answer 25

Med: post tubercle of C2
Lat: TP of C1
N: posterior ramus of C1
Function: rotate face to same side